Vol 50, No 3 (1969)
Towards the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin
Appeal of the participants of the Republican meeting of the active workers of health care together with the party, Soviet, trade union bodies of the Tatar ASSR to the medical workers of the republic
Abstract
The Communist Party, the Soviet people, the working people of all countries of the world are preparing for a significant date - the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, whose name is associated with the most outstanding achievements of the twentieth century.
Achievements and prospects of health care development in Tatarstan
Abstract
Last year, a detachment of thousands of medical workers, together with the entire Soviet people, solemnly celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of Soviet health care. In a short historical period, significant successes have been achieved in protecting the health of the people, which is clearly seen in the example of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The budget of the republic for health care in 1968 exceeds the appropriation of 1913 by 35 times. The sharp growth of the hospital network made it possible to increase the provision of the population with beds by more than 6 times. Currently, about 48 thousand people work in health care institutions of the republic, including about 6,000 doctors and more than 20,000 paramedical workers.
Doctors who treated the Ulyanovs
Abstract
In 1869-1887, when the Ulyanov family lived in Simbirsk, a group of progressive, democratic-minded doctors worked there: N.A. Glasson, F.V. Arnoldov, N.F. Fenenko, I.S. Yakovlev, PF Filatov and many others. All of them, by their activities, contributed to the development of rural and urban medicine. The medical society founded by them at the initiative of N.A.
Theoretical and clinical medicine
Glomerulonephritis classification issues
Abstract
The problem of glomerulonephritis remains one of the most important in modern nephrology and the clinic of internal diseases. According to published statistics [1], the appeal to physicians for diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract reaches 13.1 per 1000 people. According to P.I. Kalju et al., The frequency of nephritis and nephrosis is 3.6 per 1000. Although the incidence of glomerulonephritis is not significant, these diseases are of exceptional importance in terms of diagnosis, early recognition, timely and correct treatment, prognosis and outcomes that it is not uncommon to be unfavorable.
To the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of nephroptosis
Abstract
Nephroptosis is observed mainly in women, especially in those who have given birth. Pregnancy and childbirth cause significant hormonal changes in the body and certain violations of intra-abdominal pressure, weakening of the fixing apparatus of the kidney. Landau points out that pregnancy, especially repeated pregnancy, leads to relaxation of the abdominal wall and a decrease in intra-abdominal pressure. The act of birth itself has an active effect on the kidney, a strong contraction of the muscles of the back wall of the abdomen and the diaphragm traumatizes the kidney and contributes to its prolapse.
About Shifts in K and Na Metabolism in Diffuse Kidney Diseases
Abstract
We carried out a complex-synchronous study of the content of K and Na in blood plasma, erythrocytes, urine and gastric contents in 87 people, including 19 healthy people who made up the control group and 68 patients with diffuse kidney diseases without pronounced clinical disorders of water metabolism and without significant violations of the concentration and nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys. The patients were mostly young and middle-aged, 44 of them suffered from chronic pyelonephritis, 24 - from chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis. The content of K and Na was determined using flame photometry. Gastric contents were received on an empty stomach and after the introduction of Erman's breakfast. The gastric juice was diluted 40 times and filtered through two layers of gauze.
The functional state of the kidneys in obesity (according to the data of radioisotope renoangiography)
Abstract
Despite the fact that significant advances have been made in the study of obesity [3, 4, 5, 12-17], many aspects of this complex disease remain insufficiently illuminated. In the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in obesity, the disorder of water-electrolyte metabolism, the mechanisms of which still remain unclear, is largely involved. There is no doubt that the kidneys play an important role in maintaining water-electrolyte balance. The state of the kidneys in obesity has already been studied by a number of foreign researchers [11, 17] using clearance tests and tests generally accepted in nephrology (urinalysis, blood analysis, Zimnitsky test, determination of the residual nitrogen content in the blood). However, these tests can only give an idea of the total activity of the kidneys, without differentiating the functional state of each of them.
The effect of corticosteroid therapy on the state of the cardiovascular system in children with nephritis
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders are one of the main syndromes in the clinical picture of glomerulonephritis in both adults and children. In recent years, due to the use of corticosteroid hormones, nephritis in children proceeds more favorably [1, 6]. The effect of steroid therapy on the development of cardiovascular pathology in patients with nephritis has not been studied. R.E. Mazo, based on observations of the dynamics of ECG and BCG in children with lingering forms of nephritis treated with small doses of prednisolone, suggests that this treatment has a beneficial effect on the course of cardiovascular syndrome. Further study of this issue is necessary, especially in connection with the change in the method of nephritis treatment in the direction of increasing the dose of hormones and lengthening the course of treatment [6].
Upper urinary tract condition after cystectomy with urine diversion into an artificial bladder
Abstract
Of the many proposed methods of urine diversion during cystectomy operations, ureterosigmostomy continues to be the most common. However, the diversion of urine into the large intestine is known to cause a high mortality rate from pyelonephritis and renal failure. L. N. Pogozheva (1967) reports that all 16 patients observed by her, who underwent ureteral transplantation into the intestine as a preparatory stage for cystectomy, died in the first six months after the operation from pyelonephritis and renal failure. Immediate mortality from pyelonephritis and renal failure, according to A. P. Tsulukidze and D. D. Murvanidze (1955), is 24%, and in later periods this percentage increases significantly. Of our 28 patients who underwent cystectomy and ureterosigmostomy, 21 died from pyelonephritis and renal failure in a period from 1 week to 1.5 years.
About ureteral stenosis with cervical cancer
Abstract
Urological complications in cervical cancer sharply worsen the prognosis of this disease and make it difficult to choose a treatment method. The most common and serious of these is ureteral stenosis. With various types of treatment for cervical cancer, especially radiation, stenosis is most often bilateral. As a result, the outflow of urine is disrupted, the ureter and kidney cavities expand, i.e., hydronephrosis with atrophy of the renal tissue and subsequent renal failure. In these conditions, pyelonephritis also easily develops, which also leads to the loss of renal parenchyma and urosepsis.
Hemorrhagic gastritis
Abstract
Hemorrhagic gastritis, apparently, combines several diseases accompanied by bleeding from the stomach. An increase in the permeability of capillaries in the stomach can be a consequence of the action of gastrin, allergies, vitamin K deficiency, disorders of trophic regulation from the nervous system.
Prevention of chronic gastritis
Abstract
To assess the nature of the clinical evolution of chronic gastritis, we observed 40 patients suffering from various forms of this disease for a long time (from 1 to 7 years). Among them there were 6 women and 12 men under the age of 40, 9 women and 13 men over 40. 7 patients suffered from chronic gastritis with preserved gastric secretory function, 11 patients suffered from chronic gastritis with reduced secretory function, 17 had no free HC1 in the gastric contents, and 5 patients (also with an anacid state) had gastritis of the operated stomach (Billroth II resection for ulcerative disease). In 33 patients, chronic gastritis was the main disease, in 7 it was combined with chronic inflammation of the biliary tract. At the beginning of the follow-up, 11 patients with chronic gastritis were accompanied by lesions of the biliary tract and in 2 - intestinal inflammation. In 5 patients, the duration of the disease with chronic gastritis was up to 1 year, in 7 - up to 3 years, in 4 - up to 5 years, in 12 - up to 10 years and in 12 - more than 10 years. During the year we observed 11 patients, 2 years - 11, 3 years - 3, 4 years - 5, 5 years - 7, 6 years - 2 and 7 years - 1. At the beginning and end of the observation period, the patients were examined and treated in a hospital, the rest of the time - in a polyclinic, some of the patients were hospitalized 3-4 times.
Hormone therapy for chronic gastritis
Abstract
Clinical and experimental observations of recent years [1, 2, 5] have shown that with hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex, as well as in the treatment of various diseases with steroid hormones and ACTH, the secretory function of the stomach is enhanced.
Effect of gastric resection on certain liver functions
Abstract
The interdependence between the organs involved in the digestion of food is expressed not only in the norm, but also in the pathology. Removal of part or all of the stomach, removal of part of the duodenum and the pylorus disrupts the reservoir function of the stomach and those complex functional relationships in which the stomach, pylorus, duodenum with the biliary tract, liver, pancreas, and intestines are located. The result is a metabolic disorder.
On the reversibility of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases
Abstract
According to the literature, chronic pulmonary heart disease is based on pulmonary hypertension. One of the indirect ways of diagnosing pulmonary hypertension is a change in the phase structure of the cardiac cycle in response to an increase in pressure in the small circle.
The state of the cardiovascular system in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Abstract
We studied the features of the lesion of the cardiovascular system in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the conditions of the Middle Volga region. There were 262 patients under observation (92% of them were men). 65.5% of patients accounted for the age from 25 to 45 years. The disease was mild in 29.5%, of moderate severity in 62.3%, and severe in 8.2% of patients. In 2 patients, admitted in an extremely serious condition, there was a lethal outcome.
Diagnostic value of fermenturia in Botkin's disease
Abstract
Among the various functional liver tests, the most important in the diagnosis of Botkin's disease is the determination of the activity of enzymes, especially aldolase, glutamic-alanine transaminase (ALT) and glutamine-aspartic transaminase (ACT). Numerous works by domestic and foreign authors have confirmed the indisputable importance of the determination of enzymemia in the diagnosis of the initial stages of Botkin's disease and its erased and anicteric forms.
Differentiation of pathogenic and saprophytic leptospira
Abstract
In the last decade, it has been possible to offer convincing, seemingly test-tube tests that make it possible to distinguish museum parasitic strains of Leptospira from saprophytic ones by their hemolytic, oxidase and lipase activity, as well as by the ability of saprophytes (to reproduce in nutrient media without normal rabbit serum or in the presence of a certain concentration of sulfuric acid copper, in contrast to parasites, which do not reproduce in such conditions.The above results at one time served as the basis for the international subcommittee on taxonomy and nomenclature of leptospira to divide spirochetes of this genus into parasites and saprophytes. saprophytic properties Almost all attempts to differentiate leptospira using test tube tests were carried out in relation to sets of strains representing different serotypes, each of which was represented by one strain. in a comparative study of many differentiation tests with respect to the same strains of Leptospira. We were especially interested in the serotypes of Leptospira, represented by a homologous series of strains of various origins.
Exocrine function of the pancreas in peptic ulcer disease
Abstract
Questions related to the study of the function of the pancreas in gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer cannot be considered finally resolved, since the available literature data are contradictory. Some authors [1, 12] observed an increase in the enzymatic activity of the pancreas in peptic ulcer disease, proceeding with increased secretion, others [11, 14] do not note such a pattern. There is no consensus on the nature of disorders of the enzymatic activity of the pancreas in peptic ulcer disease. V. T. Pozdnyakov, Ya. S. Zimmerman, and others believe that this predominantly affects the amylolytic function; according to Z. V. Smirnova, E. N. Nechaev and others, the lipolytic activity of pancreatic juice is mainly affected; according to O. G. Gogiberidze, A. M. Kostyukov, A. I. Venner, frustration of tryptic function is more often observed.
To the diagnosis of vertebral radiculitis
Abstract
With the establishment of the discogenic nature of the so-called lumbosacral radiculitis, a new approach to the examination technique was required: although the predominant symptomatology is neurological, it is still secondary, while the primary is the lesion of the spine. The interlacing of orthopedic and neurological symptoms (compression of nerve formations, reflex muscular-tonic reactions, etc.) requires not a simple sum of old orthopedic and neurological techniques, but a combination of these old methods with a qualitatively new one - neuro-orthopedic (A.I. Osna and Ya. Yu. Popelyansky, 1966). Some methods of examination of patients with lumbosacral radiculitis are outlined by us in another work (1966). Here, we are talking about a study relating only to the lumbar region, with the main focus on the techniques worked out in the last three years.
Cerebral vascular disorders in late toxicosis of pregnant women
Abstract
The most threatening symptoms of late toxicosis are caused by impaired cerebral circulation and the onset of cerebral hypoxia. Meanwhile, works devoted to the features of cerebral circulation in late toxicosis are very few, which prompted us to study this issue. During the last 4 years, we have studied cerebral circulation by the method of rheoencephalography.
Pregnancy and childbirth with hypertension
Abstract
We studied the course of pregnancy and childbirth in 211 women with hypertension who were under our supervision in 1959-1967. Pregnancy was complicated by late toxicosis in 105 women: at 1 st. hypertension — in 74, at II st. - in 30 and at III st. - in 1. Dropsy of pregnant women was in 10 women, nephropathy - in 89, preeclampsia - in 3 and eclampsia - in 3. Nephropathy was 1.7 times more common in women with stage II hypertension than in women with stage I. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).
Dry necrosis of the buttocks with sciatic nerve paralysis in newborns
Abstract
This syndrome in newborns is insufficiently studied. The first descriptions of it appeared in 1949. The English doctor Mills (1949) observed 8 newborns with this pathology. The labor was long, all the children were born in asphyxia, and all were injected into the umbilical cord vessels immediately after birth with nekelmamide, a synthetic drug that excites the respiratory center and the cardiovascular system. According to Mills, paralysis and circulatory disorders are associated with thrombosis of the inferior episodic artery, which feeds the sciatic nerve and the corresponding area of the skin of the gluteal region. Later, similar cases were described by Hudson and co-authors, San Augustine, T. N. Dorofeeva, V. L. Zubkova and V. A. Tabolin.
The function of chewing in children with carious teeth
Abstract
In the literature, we have not found data on the manifestation of the enamel-muscular reflex in the initial stages of the development of the carious process. The issue of determining the chewing function with the help of mastication after dental filling in children's practice in the conditions of planned preventive sanitation with the imposition of several fillings to one child in one session is also not covered.
Short articles
Determination of the sensitivity of the microflora of periodontitis teeth to furacilin
Abstract
Sensitivity to furacilin of streptococcus isolated from periodontitis teeth was studied in 38 patients by serial dilution and in 34 patients using diffusiometric method. The material was taken from the root canal with sterile turunds on root needles. The crops were sown on a Kitt—Tarozzi medium and Petri dishes with 5% blood agar. Incubation was carried out at 37* for 24-28 hours. Isolation of pure streptococcal cultures was performed using the usual method. By the method of serial dilutions, it was proved that the sensitivity of the studied streptococcus cultures has a significant range. Furacilin concentrations in dilutions of 1:40,000 and 1:160,000 were optimal. The bacteriostatic effect was found on 28 of 38 cultures.
Liver function in chronic pyelonephritis
Abstract
We examined 12 men and 56 women with chronic pyelonephritis. According to the severity of the disease, the patients were divided into 2 groups, the 1st group included patients with uremia, they were examined during the exacerbation period, and the 2nd group included patients examined in the compensation phase.
To the diagnosis of cervical pregnancy
Abstract
The study of materials from gynecological hospitals in Omsk over the past two decades has allowed us to establish that out of 13 women with cervical pregnancy who underwent subsequent surgical treatment, the primary diagnosis was reliable only in 4. In the rest, cervical pregnancy was mistaken for a normal uterine pregnancy (in 5), for an incomplete abortion (in 3), for a hematocervix (in 1).
Fetal hemoglobin content in children during the first year of life
Abstract
The study of fetal hemoglobin was carried out by the method of alkaline denaturation (E. E. Badyuk, 1960) in 148 healthy full-term children during the first year of life. It was found that the relative content of fetal hemoglobin in children at birth averaged 68.8%. During the first months of life, there was an intensive decrease in the level of total hemoglobin (from 21.3 g% at birth to 11.4 g% by 4 months of life).
The significance of the determination of sialic acids and the Weltman reaction in urological practice
Abstract
In patients with chronic pyelonephritis, prostate adenoma, calculous pyelonephritis and urolithiasis, the content of sialic acids in the blood is increased, and the Veltman coagulation tape is shortened. These changes are most pronounced in patients with infected urine. The increase in the level of sialic acids in the blood of such patients can be explained by the involvement of the connective tissue stroma of the kidneys in the inflammatory process. Obviously, the more extensive the inflammatory process, the more connective tissue is involved in the process and the higher the content of sialic acids in the blood.
Age-related changes in clitoral receptors
Abstract
Taking into account the lack of studies on the innervation of the clitoris in the age aspect, we undertook the study of changes in the terminal nervous apparatus of the human clitoris in ontogenesis. The material was pieces of the clitoris taken from the corpses of women of various ages in the first 24 hours after death. A total of 76 objects were used.
Reviews
About methods of late-term pregnancy termination used abroad
Abstract
In the previous article, we presented the results of an analysis of 10,569 late-term abortions carried out mostly during the period from 1923 to 1963 by various methods: trans-renal infusion, metreiriz, vaginal caesarean section and small caesarean section. With each of these methods, there were certain complications, as well as maternal mortality. Thus, none of the methods used is completely harmless and safe. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly take into account the indications and contraindications to each method separately.
Some issues of ultrasound treatment
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of ultrasound is based on its ability to be absorbed by tissues with the return of part of the energy to them, causing tissue heating and a number of physico-chemical reactions. It was found that under the influence of ultrasound, the permeability of cell membranes changes, diffuse processes accelerate.
The importance of biomicroscopy of conjunctival vessels for the diagnosis of progressive atherosclerosis
Abstract
Clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis are caused by circulatory disorders in tissues and organs (N. N. Anichkov, 1962; A. L. Myasnikov, 1956 and 1965). From this point of view, the study of microcirculation in the terminal parts of the circulatory system - in the arteriole — capillary — venule zone is of great interest.
Occupational health and occupational diseases
Working conditions in the production of isoprene rubber from isobutylene and formaldehyde
Abstract
The production of synthetic isoprene rubber (SKI-3) is one of the main branches of the new chemistry. In the literature there is some information about the toxic properties of isoprene, which is the main occupational hazard of this production [1, 2, 3, 4], and there is no data on the hygienic characteristics of working conditions and the state of health of workers in this production [5].
Working conditions and health status of workers in the production of liquid thiocol
Abstract
In the production of liquid thiocol, two stages are distinguished: the synthesis of di-β-chloroethyl formaland the production of the final product based on it. In the course of the technological process, the air environment of the working premises is polluted with harmful chemicals.
Healthcare mangement
Work experience of the department of premature babies
Abstract
The organization of special hospitals for premature babies contributes to the preservation of their lives. In Kazan, the first such department was opened at the GIDUVA Children's Clinic in 1947 (with 20 beds). The department occupies an isolated room of 3 wards. In the first ward there are 8 closed (glazed) boxes, where new arrivals are accepted, in 2 other wards there are 6 open boxes, to which children are transferred in the future. The department has a reception room where mothers breastfeed their children, a walk-in, an open veranda facing the garden, and a number of necessary utility rooms. The room temperature is maintained within 24-26 °. The boxed ward is equipped with electrified beds, which allows them to maintain the proper temperature (up to 28 °). The department also has two incubators of the "Inca" type. Children's underwear is heated in a specially equipped closet. Oxygen is supplied in a moistened form, in the first ward oxygen is supplied to each crib. The boxes are equipped with exhaust ventilation. The compartment is also widely ventilated in the usual way. Quartzization is performed daily.
The state of emergency gynecological care in Kazan
Abstract
With the abolition of the prohibition of abortions, the proportion of out-of-hospital abortions decreased, but their complete elimination did not occur. In 1966, the mortality rate from community-acquired abortions according to TACCP was 0.13%, which is much higher than maternal mortality in the republic. This circumstance prompted us to study the issue of community-acquired abortions in Kazan in order to find ways to prevent community-acquired abortions and improve the organization of gynecological care for them.
New device
Application of the new "Trilan" device for trilene analgesia in obstetric and gynecological practice
Jubilees
Professor Mukhamed Abdullayevich Yerzin
Abstract
60 years have passed since the birth of the head of the Department of Pathological Physiology of the Kazan Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the S. V. Kurashov Medical Institute, Chairman of the Board of the Scientific Society of Pathophysiologists of the TASSR, Honored Scientist of the TASSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Mukhamed Abdulayevich Yerzin.
Heroes of Socialist Labor: Gazifa Khasanovna Khasanshina
Abstract
Gazifa Khasanovna was born on January 25, 1915 in the village of Naratly in the Chistopol district of the TASSR in a peasant family. In 1936 she graduated from the pediatric faculty of the Kazan Medical Institute. In the pre-war years, she worked in the Aznakaevsky district of the TASSR. During the Patriotic War she served in the evacuation hospital, and after the war she returned to the Aznakaevsky district. Currently, he heads the obstetric and gynecological service of the Aznakayev Central Hospital.
Book review
I. A. Gorokhover. Planning and financing of hospitals and polyclinics. II expanded and revised edition. Medicine, M., 1967
Abstract
The Communist Party and the Soviet State tirelessly take care of strengthening human health, his physical and spiritual development. One of the proofs of this concern is the continuous growth of budget allocations for health care. In 1940 they amounted to 0.9 billion rubles, in 1950 2.1 billion rubles, in 1968 they increased to 7.6 billion rubles. The skillful use of these funds is of great importance for the organization of the treatment of patients and the implementation of extensive preventive measures. The book of I. A. Gorokhover is of great interest to a wide range of health care organizers, planners and financial workers of medical institutions.
Conferences
Staphylococcal lung destruction in children. III All-Union Symposium of Pediatric Surgeons (26/XI 1968, Dushanbe)
Abstract
S. Ya. Doletsky et al. (Moscow) indicate that despite the large number of works devoted to staphylococcal pneumonia and its complications, the issues of diagnosis and indications for a particular treatment method are still far from being resolved. Due to the wide spread of this microbe, its detection in the culture of mucus taken from the throat and nose of a sick child cannot serve as confirmation of the staphylococcal nature of the disease. Evidence can only be considered seeding it from the lesion or from the blood. At the same time, the sowing of punctate from the lesion in the lung is a belated method and is justified only with empyema to determine the strain of the pathogen and its resistance to antibiotics.
The second plenum of the Board of the All-Russian Society of Urologists (10-11/X 1968, Saratov)
Abstract
V. N. Tkachuk (Leningrad) reported on the treatment and criteria for the cure of tuberculosis of the urinary system. With conservative therapy, either a complete cure occurs, or the transformation of a specific focus into a pseudocystic formation, or the shutdown of a tuberculous focus of destruction with the preservation of a latent infection. V. N. Tkachuk considers the term not "cure", but "persistent clinical effect" more justified.
Enteral oxygen therapy ((Scientific and Practical conference) (21-24/XII 1968, Kiev))
Abstract
Noting the great role of hypoxia in the etiology and pathogenesis of aging, N. N. Sirotinin (Kiev) in 1960 proposed ingestion of oxygen foam for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in premature aging. As a foaming liquid, N. N. Sirotinin recommends using beer, juices of various kinds, to which foaming agents (egg white, soap root, etc.) are added for better foaming.
Chronicles
Chronicle (Volume 50, issue 3)
Abstract
From 14 to 16/X 1968, a scientific and practical interdistrict conference on medical care for children in preschool institutions was held in Leninogorsk. It was organized by the Ministry of Health of the TASSR, it was attended by employees of the Bavli, Almetyevsk, Bugulminsky, Sarmanovsky, Muslyumovsky, Aznakaevsky, Leninogorsk districts, as well as the chief pediatrician of the Ministry of Health of the TASSR E. I. Kuritsyna, assistant to the KSMI A. I. Shvareva, epidemiologist of the Republican SES M. N. Bulatova, art. Associate Professor of Epidemiology D. A. Yakobson, Deputy Chairman of the Leninogorsk Executive Committee G. A. Kriushkina et al . 18 reports were heard, the conference participants got acquainted with the work of kindergartens No. 7 and 8 in Leninogorsk. A demonstration of 50 baby food dishes, their recipes and cooking technology, as well as their tasting was organized. Then the debate was launched.