Vol 39, No 2 (1958)
To characterize the creative image of prof. S. S. Zimnitsky
Abstract
On December 10, 1927, an outstanding Kazan clinician, prof. S. S. Zimnitsky, widely known for his works in domestic and foreign literature. Four days before the fatal event, anginal pains, which he suffered in the last years of his life, intensified. On the day of his death, those around him noticed that he was giving a lecture while sitting for the first time. I returned home, read the newspapers.
The study of the types of gastric secretory cells and its importance for clinical practice
Abstract
The doctrine of the types of secretory cells of the stomach arose at the very beginning of the 20th century in connection with the experimental research of I.P. Pavlov and his school. Initially, in the works of Ya.Kh. Zavriev (1900), and then N.P. Kazansky (1901) and S.S. Zimnitsky (1901), it was found that in pathological conditions of the stomach that arose after thermal effects on its mucous membrane, like this was in the experiments of Ya.Kh. Zavriev and N.P. Kazansky, or the ligation of the common bile duct, as was done by S.S.Zimnitsky, the secretory cells of the stomach lost their normal level of response and in some cases responded to normal food stimuli with an excessively increased reaction in the initial period of its activity and a sharp decrease in it at the end of the secretory period, in others - a slow reaction at the beginning and its increase in the subsequent hours of secretion. The first of these states was designated as asthenic and was attributed to the asthenic, or labile, type of secretory cell, and the second - as inert and attributed to the inert, or inert, type of secretory cell.
Stages of development of the doctrine of non-tuberculous lung diseases in the works of Soviet physicians
Abstract
Over the past decades, advances in the study of normal and pathological physiology of respiration have had a beneficial effect on the development of diagnostics of respiratory diseases, and especially functional diagnostics. The functional concept is insufficiency, which, along with the clinical and anatomical characteristics of the process, has become an organic part of the diagnosis in the field of circulatory diseases, only in the last two to three decades has it begun to enter clinical use, in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. This was largely facilitated by new laboratory (blood gas research) and instrumental methods (spirometry, spirography, pneumotachometry, etc.). On the basis of the physiological teachings of I.P. Pavlov, our ideas about the regulatory role of the nervous system in relation to the respiratory apparatus, in particular in pathological conditions, are becoming more and more obvious and specific.
The action of nitranol in angina pectoris
Abstract
The development of effective measures for the prevention and treatment of angina pectoris is an event of social significance. Angina pectoris, which occurs in connection with the development of myocardial ischemia and subsequent oxygen deficiency, proceeds with a very complex complex of pathological disorders in the body.
From the experience of the dispensary fight against hypertension
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most important problems of modern medicine. Its relevance is due to the fact that this disease, affecting a large number of workers in the prime of their creative powers (40-50 years), leads them to early disability and premature death, causing great economic damage to the state.
Hyposulfite method for determining the value of glomerular filtration of the kidneys
Abstract
Achievements of physiology concerning the separate functions of the glomeruli and tubules of the kidneys, as well as blood circulation in them, laid the foundation for the introduction of new methods of functional renal diagnostics into the clinic.
On the issue of associated dysfunctions of the biliary tract in peptic ulcer disease
Abstract
According to our published clinical, laboratory and X-ray observations, diseases of the digestive system - peptic ulcer, diseases of the biliary tract, chronic appendicitis - are naturally complicated by associated functional disorders of various parts of the digestive system. These concomitant reflex disturbances at the first functional stage proceed latently, or are the cause of an atypical or masked picture of the main suffering. Initial functional changes develop over time into organic changes, leading to the development of well-known to clinicians, difficult to treat, combined sufferings of the abdominal organs.
Changes in acid-base balance and their importance in the pathogenesis of hypertension
Abstract
Numerous studies by various authors who have studied changes in the chemical composition of blood in hypertension relate mainly to carbohydrate, lipoid, protein metabolism and the mineral composition of the blood. Less attention was paid to the study of acid-base balance in hypertension. June - July 2, 1957.
The value of the electrophoretic study of blood serum proteins for the differential diagnosis of jaundice
Abstract
To resolve the diagnostic difficulties that are often encountered in the recognition of icteric syndrome, functional tests have been repeatedly proposed in order to provide a differential diagnosis between jaundice associated with liver parenchyma disease and mechanical (obstructive) jaundice (determination of the level of prothrombin after loading with vitamin K, determination of alkaline phosphatase in the blood and etc.).
Long-term results of treatment of bronchial asthma with blood transfusions
Abstract
The abundance of various agents proposed for the treatment of bronchial asthma, acting mostly symptomatically, characterizes the trouble in this matter. In the choice in each individual case of one or another method of treatment, the need for strict individualization is clearly manifested.
The use of sound recording in the study of mental illness
Abstract
The work of our department over the past few years has focused on developing a methodology for the application of sound recording in the study of mental illness. In this message, we cannot go into detail on the fundamental and methodological foundations for this area of work.
Injuries and traumatic strictures of the urethra in children
Abstract
The issue of urethral injury in childhood is far from being covered in the modern literature, despite the fact that this type of severe trauma is not uncommon in children. Kaufman (1887) describes 8 urethral injuries in children in his work on urethral injuries. In the statistics of urethral injuries, collected by M.A.Vasiliev, in 404 cases of such injuries, urethral rupture was observed in 33 children under the age of 10 years. According to the material of L. Ya. Khesin, in 44 cases of urethral injuries, this injury was observed in 7 children.
To the question of the prevention of ureteral-vaginal fistulas with extended removal of the cancerous uterus
Abstract
Ureterovaginal fistulas after extended extirpation of the uterus occur from 2.5 to 12%. In our clinic for 502 operations in the period 1946-1956. ureteral-vaginal fistulas were found in 5.1%. Prevention of ureteral-vaginal fistulas during removal of a cancerous uterus is an important practical task, the solution of which significantly improves the results of surgical therapy for cervical cancer.
Rheumatic heart disease and pregnancy
Abstract
The course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with circulatory diseases is of great practical and theoretical interest. At the same time, to date, there is still no consensus among clinicians-therapists and obstetricians-gynecologists about the doctor's tactics when deciding whether to preserve pregnancy to term and how to conduct labor in pregnant women with diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Changes in the pupils in patients with traumatic epilepsy, depending on the seizure
Abstract
For the diagnosis of lesions of the autonomic nervous system, the state of the pupils and pupillary reflexes are essential. The size and shape of the pupils is determined by the degree of contraction of the smooth muscles that form the sphincter and dilatator of the pupil. Parasympathetic fibers, which run as part of the oculomotor nerve, acting on the sphincter, lead to a narrowing of the pupil, while sympathetic fibers cause its expansion, due to the contraction of the dilator.
To the clinic of staphylococcal pneumonia in young children
Abstract
In recent years, great success has been achieved in the treatment of pneumonia in young children, which has contributed to a further decrease in infant mortality in our country. A significant role in reducing mortality from pneumonia was played by the use of sulfonamides and antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, biomycin, etc.).
Pertussis treatment with sulfadiamine
Abstract
In terms of the severity of the disease and mortality, whooping cough is one of the first places among other infectious diseases of childhood. No other infection is as lethal at an early age as whooping cough. The incidence of whooping cough in recent years has a certain tendency to decrease, but this decrease is insignificant in comparison with the decrease noted in relation to other droplet infections (A.I. Dobrokhotova).
Recognition of tumor metastases brown - pierce from the uterus, ovaries and parametria
Abstract
Recognition of metastases of malignant tumors is still an unresolved issue. Metastases from the uterus, ovaries are usually determined clinically by bimanual examination. From the uterus, metastases spread in the parametria within the walls of the small pelvis, as well as within the blood vessels along the lin terminalis.
Horizontal dislocation of the patella
Abstract
Horizontal dislocations of the patella are extremely rare. In the textbooks of orthopedics and traumatology, several phrases are given to this dislocation, and then only in connection with the description of other injuries. Under our supervision there was a patient Alekseev, 15 years old (history of illness No. 2042), who fell on 3 / X-1954, hitting the front surface of the right knee joint against a small metal post. For the next four days, he could not walk due to pain in the knee joint. On 23 / X-1954 he was admitted for treatment to the clinic of orthopedics and traumatology of the Kazan GIDUV.
Foodborne paratyphoid infection
Abstract
In May 1957, the 1st Infectious Diseases Hospital of the mountains. Kazan with suspicion of typhoid fever entered the family of I-vykh - a mother and two children living in the Leninsky district of the city. The disease was accompanied by a typhoid condition, roseolous rash, relative bradycardia, enlarged liver and spleen, and leukopenia. A paratyphoid stick "B" was seeded from the blood of the patients. On the 6th day of illness, Vidal's reaction was positive in all patients with paratyphoid B diagnostics in a titer of 1: 200.
Reorganization of education in medical universities
Abstract
Partial changes in teaching methods in the country's medical universities, made after the appearance of the letter MBO I-100, as well as the necessary changes in the programs and curriculum were discussed at the meetings of directors of universities of the RSFSR and the USSR on January 27 - February 1, 1958 and received a corresponding assessment. The system of education in medical colleges cannot yet be considered completely satisfactory. This is due not so much to the evolution of science and changing requirements for the level of training, as to the general shortcomings of teaching, the isolation of the content of the courses from the requirements of medical practice and the school nature of teaching.
On the method of detecting epithelial cells in dry blood spots as a regional sign of bleeding
Abstract
As you know, the detection of epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa and nasal mucosa is the main aid in the diagnosis of blood spots of vaginal or nasal origin, which in some cases has an important forensic value. Unfortunately, however, the finds of burying preserved epithelial cells in old dry blood spots in forensic practice seem to be very rare and when deciding on the regional origin of blood, “in the overwhelming majority of cases, forensic experts are deprived of the opportunity to give any satisfactory answer to the forensic authorities "(M. A. Bronnikova).
IX scientific session of the Institute of Therapy of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR together with the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Institute of Experimental Medicine on the problem of "Atherosclerosis and coronary insufficiency"
Abstract
A joint session of the Institute of Therapy and the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the IEM of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences was held in Moscow from February 3 to 5 of this year, dedicated to the urgent problem of medicine - atherosclerosis and coronary insufficiency. Both "leading institutes" of the country have summed up a number of studies aimed at studying the pathogenesis, diagnosing complications and treating atherosclerosis.
IX scientific session of the Institute of Surgery named after A.V. Vishnevsky of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
Abstract
In Moscow on November 28-29, 1957, the IX scientific session of the Institute of Surgery. AV Vishnevsky of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. The session was opened with a speech by a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, prof. AA Vishnevsky on the results of the scientific activity of the Institute of Surgery named after AV Vishnevsky of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR on the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution and on a promising plan for further research.