Origins, current state and prospects for the development of local anesthesia

Abstract

For a long time already, the idea of ​​creating anesthesia only at the site of surgery ruled the minds of surgeons. In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, for this purpose, a tourniquet was applied to the limb and the application of cold by covering the place of operation with ice or snow. In the 70s of the last century, instead of ice, to lower the temperature of limited areas of the body, spraying of ether, bromoethyl and chloroethyl began to be used. In 1896, I. Efremovsky defended his doctoral dissertation on this topic. Based on the analysis of 1000 cases of cold anesthesia, the author comes to the conclusion that this anesthesia may be sufficient only for operations on the skin and mucous membranes.

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