Dr. A. Chugaev. Departments of emergency surgery. Part III. Diseases and injuries of the breast. (Appendix to No. 49 "Surgery" for 1901)

Abstract

Opening of the internal cavities of a human body — the abdominal, and even more of the chest — represented a noli me tangere for surgeons at the time before anti- and aseptic treatment of wounds. This attitude was caused by the huge, almost universal, mortality among the operated. In part, this phenomenon was explained by the fact that with these, usually urgent, operations, the doctor is limited in time: he has to work quickly, in an environment that is often far from satisfying the requirements, without preliminary preparation of the patient, etc.

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