Features of coronary artery patterns and percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina in patients aged below 40 years

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Abstract

Aim. To study the features of risk profile, coronary artery patterns, and percutaneous coronary intervention in patients aged below 40 years with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina.

Methods. 208 patients with coronary artery disease aged below 40 years were examined: 51 (24.5%) patients aged 35 years and younger and 157 (75.5%) aged 36–40 years. 98 (47.1%) patients were admitted with acute coronary syndrome; 110 (52.9%) patients with stable angina. In groups of acute coronary syndrome and stable angina, myocardial infarction in past medical history was revealed in 23.5% and 36.4%, respectively. 165 patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention: 84 (50.9%) with acute coronary syndrome; 81 (40.1%) with stable angina.

Results. Patients with stable angina differed by prevalence of myocardial infarction in past medical history, overweight, and family history of coronary artery disease. In group of acute coronary syndrome urban cohort prevailed as well as consumption of energy drinks among patients below 35 years; high prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction. Patients with acute coronary syndrome were characterized by involvement of one and three coronary arteries, and patients with stable angina — by pathology of two and three coronary arteries. Involvement of three coronary arteries was equal in both groups. In both groups, anterior interventricular artery was target coronary artery. Patients with stable angina had the same rate of right coronary artery and left circumflex artery involvement. In patients with stable angina, right coronary artery involvement was rarer, and left main coronary artery involvement was two times more frequent than in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The group with acute coronary syndrome was characterized by predominance of discrete lesions and coronary occlusions over diffuse lesions; and the group of stable angina — by diffuse lesions, and two-times less frequent coronary occlusions.

Conclusion. Among patients with acute coronary syndrome aged below 36 years, revascularization of right coronary artery was predominant, and among patients aged 36–40 years with acute coronary syndrome — revascularization of left circumflex artery.

About the authors

F Z Abdullaev

Topchibashev Research Centre of Surgery

Author for correspondence.
Email: larisacardio@gmail.com
Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan

N M Babaev

Topchibashev Research Centre of Surgery

Email: larisacardio@gmail.com
Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan

L S Shikhieva

Topchibashev Research Centre of Surgery

Email: larisacardio@gmail.com
Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan

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© 2020 Abdullaev F.Z., Babaev N.M., Shikhieva L.S.

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