Prevalence of the eye diseases in children living in ecologically unfavourable environment

Aim. To study the influence of environmental pollution on eye function in children. Methods. Prevalence of eye diseases was retrospectively studied in 1250 children aged 14-16 years using the 5-year data from medical charts. Children from a region with intensive traffic (threshold limit value exceeded for the following parameters: CO - 3.3 times higher, dust - 1.5-2 times higher, sulfur - 1.3-1.8 times higher, nitrogen dioxide - 1.5-2 times higher), were analyzed as the main cohort. Children from the control cohort lived in region with lower traffic load, with no excess of threshold limit values for basic substances. Results. The prevalence of eye diseases among the children of Kazan city was assessed as 205,4±0,3‰, it has increased over time at the analyzed time gap. Refractive errors, diseases of conjunctiva and eyelid disease were the most common eye diseases. The prevalence of eye diseases among the children from the intensive traffic district was assessed as 223,1±0,3‰, which was higher compared to the district with small traffic load - 97,9±0,4‰ (р <0,01). Refractive errors, diseases of conjunctiva and eyelid disease were the three most common eye diseases among the children from the intensive traffic district. Conclusion. The prevalence of eye diseases among the children living in the intensive traffic district of Kazan city is higher compared to the district with better environment.

атмосферный воздух, выбросы автотранспорта, заболевания органа зрения, аномалии рефракции, распространённость, дети школьного возраста