Contemporary issues and prospects of skin-sparing mastectomy performance in patients with breast cancer
- Authors: Ismagilov AK.1, Vanesyan AS2, Khamitov AR1
-
Affiliations:
- Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan, Russia
- Tatarstan Regional Clinical Cancer Center, Kazan, Russia
- Issue: Vol 96, No 6 (2015)
- Pages: 1021-1027
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/kazanmedj/article/view/1633
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17750/KMJ2015-1021
- ID: 1633
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
For breast reconstructive surgery oncological requirements are imposed, which include the principle of radicality, ablastics, antiblastics and minimal impact on the general and disease-free survival rate, as well as aesthetical requirements - excised breast volume replacement, recovery of tactile sensitivity and shape most closely resembling the natural one. The mastectomy technique determines the breast reconstruction aesthetic results. In 1991 skin-sparing mastectomy combined with the one-stage breast reconstruction, which allows to preserve the organ skin, was described by B.A. Toth and P. Lappert. In 1997, G. Carlson proposed the classification of incisions for skin-sparing mastectomy, which considers both aesthetic and oncological aspects of the surgery, thereby it is successfully used to the present day. In 2003, R.M. Simmons published his incision classification in skin-sparing mastectomy, which differs from the G. Carlson classification only by type III incision. Determinant factors for skin-sparing mastectomy type choice are the presence of scars from previous biopsies, tumor topographic and anatomical parameters and planned reconstruction method. Selection of the appropriate incision type for skin-sparing mastectomy depends on the location and the tumor invasion depth in the breast tissue, the distance of the tumor from the nipple-areola complex and aesthetically favorable zones, as well as biometric data (the areola diameter, breast hypertrophy and ptosis) and the patient desires. Thus skin-sparing mastectomy is aimed to the closest possible to the preoperative level result achievement.
About the authors
A Kh Ismagilov
Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan, Russia
Author for correspondence.
Email: khamitovayrat@gmail.com
A S Vanesyan
Tatarstan Regional Clinical Cancer Center, Kazan, Russia
Email: khamitovayrat@gmail.com
A R Khamitov
Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan, Russia
Email: khamitovayrat@gmail.com
References
- Боровиков А.М. Восстановление груди после мастэктомии. М.: Губернская медицина. 2000; 96 с.
- Ганцев Ш.Х. Онкология: учебник для студентов медицинских вузов. М.: МИА. 2006; 488 с.
- Давыдов М.И., Летягин В.П. Практическая маммология. М.: Практическая медицина. 2007; 191-205 c.
- Исмагилов А.Х., Хасанов Р.Ш., Ванесян А.С. Онкопластическая хирургия рака молочной железы центральной и медиальной локализации: учебно-методическое пособие для врачей. Казань: ИД МеДДоК. 2013; 40 с.
- Казанцев В.В. Оптимизация подходов к диагностике и лечению заболеваний молочной железы. М. 2004; 78 c.
- Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Петрова Г.В. Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2013 году (заболеваемость и смертность). М.: ИД МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена. 2015; 250 c.
- Семиглазов В.Ф. Лечение рака молочной железы. СПб.: Медицина. 1993; 39 с.
- Шушпанова О.В. Психические расстройства у больных раком молочной железы. Ж. неврол. и психиатр. 2011; (3): 90.
- Atiyeh B.S., Ioannovich J., Al-Amm C.A. et al. Improving scar quality: a prospective clinical study. Aesthetic Plast. Surg. 2002; 26: 470-476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00266-002-2019-5
- Bayat A., McGrouther D.A., Ferguson M.W. Skin scarring. BMJ. 2003; 7380: 88-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7380.88
- Blondeel P.N., Hijjawi J., Depypere H. et al. Shaping the breast in aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery: an easy three-step principle. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2009; 123 (2): 455-462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181954cc1
- Bottomley A. The cancer patient and quality of life. Oncologist. 2011; 16: 120-126.
- Carlson G.W. Technical advances in skin sparing mastectomy. Intern. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 1: 1-7.
- Carlson G.W., Bostwick J. 3rd, Styblo T.M. et al. Skin - sparing mastectomy. Oncologic and reconstructive considerations. Ann. Surg. 1997; 225: 570-575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199705000-00013
- Cataliotti L., De Wolf C., Holland R. et al. Guidelines on the standards for the training of specialised health professionals dealing with breast cancer. EUSOMA. Eur. J. Cancer. 2007; 43: 660-675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2006.12.008
- Dixon J.M. Breast surgery. Philadelphia: Elsevier. 2009; IV: 312.
- Farahat A.M., Hashim T., Soliman H.O. et al. Skin sparing mastectomy: Technique and suggested methods of reconstruction. J. Egyptian Nat. Cancer Institute. 2014; 26: 153-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnci.2014.05.004
- Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I., Dikshit R. et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v. 1,0, Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. IARC Cancer Base No.11. http://globocan.iarc.fr/Default.aspx (access data: 17.04.15).
- Freeman B.S. Subcutaneous mastectomy for benign breast lesions with immediate or delayed prosthetic replacement. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 1962; 30: 670-682.
- Godwin Y. A comparison of the patient and surgeon opinion on the long-term aesthetic outcome of reduction mammaplasty. Brit. J. Plast. Surg. 1998; 51: 444-449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/bjps.1997.0081
- Goldwyn R. Plastic and reconstructive surgery of the breast. Boston, Mass: Little Brown & Co. 1976; 123.
- Kenneth S., Dubuque I.A., McGraw-Hil I.S. Anatomy & physiology: The unity of form and function. Higher Education. 2012; 75.
- Kinoshita S., Kyoda S., Hirano A. et al. Clinical comparison of four types of skin incisions for skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. Surg. Today. 2014; 44: 1470-1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00595-013-0722-2
- Kraissl C.J. The selection of appropriate lines for elective surgical incisions. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1951; 8: 1-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-195107000-00001
- Langer K. Zur anatomie and physiologie der Haut. Huber die Spaltbarkiet Der Cutis. S-b-Akad. Wiss Wein. 1861; 44: 19-46.
- Latalski M., Kulik T.B., Skórzyńska H., Zołnierczuk-Kieliszek D. Social consequences of breast cancer in women suffering from the disease. Wiad Lek. 2001; 54: 391-398.
- Lowery J.C., Wilkins E.G., Kuzon W.M., Davis J.A. Evaluations of aesthetic results in breast reconstruction: an analysis of reliability. Ann. Plast. Surg. 1996; 36: 601-606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199606000-00007
- Mascaro A., Farina M., Gigli R. et al. Recent advances in the surgical care of breast. World J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 8: 1-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-8-5
- Mosahebi A., Ramakrishnan V., Gittos M. Aesthetic outcome of different techniques of reconstruction following nipple-areola-preserving envelope mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2007; 119: 796-803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000251999.52374.09
- Nava M.B., Cortinovis U., Ottolenghi J. et al. Skin-reducing mastectomy. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2006; 118: 603-610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000233024.08392.14
- Rancati A., Gonzalez E., Dorr J. et al. Oncoplastic surgeryin the treatment of breast cancer. Cancer Med. Sci. 2013; 7: 293.
- Rezai M., Darsow M., Kramer S. et al. Principles and standards in oncoplastic breast conserving surgery - the Dusseldorf experience. 2009; 25-34.
- Salgarello M., Visconti G., Barone-Adesi L. One-stage immediate breast reconstruction with implants in conservative mastectomies. Breast Reconstruction - Current Techniques. 2012. http://www.intechopen.com/books/breast-reconstruction-current-techniques/one-stage-immediate-breast-reconstruction-with-implants-in-conservative-mastectomies. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/39212
- Simmons R.M., Hollenbeck S.T., Latrenta G.S. Areola-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction. Ann. Plast. Surg. 2003; 51: 547-551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sap.0000095659.93306.48
- Snyderman R.K., Guthrie R.H. Reconstruction of the female breast following radical mastectomy. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 1971; 47: 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-197106000-00008
- Tan B.K., Chim H., Ng Z.Y., Ong K.W. Aesthetic design of skin-sparing mastectomy incisions for immediate autologous tissue breast reconstruction in Asian women. Arch. Plast. Surg. 2014; 41: 366-373. http://dx.doi.org/10.5999/aps.2014.41.4.366
- Tokin С., Weiss A., Wang-Rodriguez J. Oncologic safety of skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomy: a discussion and review of the literature. Intern. J. Surg. Onco. 2012; 12: 1-8.
- Toth B.A., Lappert P. Modified skin incisions for mastectomy: the need for plastic surgical input in preoperative planning. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 1991; 87: 1048-1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199106000-00006
- Urban C., Anselmi K.F., Kuroda F., Schwartz J.C. Oncoplasty as the standard of care in breast cancer surgery. Eur. Oncol. Haematol. 2014; 10: 43-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/EOH.2014.10.1.43
- Wang F., Peled A.W., Garwood E. Total skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: an evolution of technique and assessment of outcomes. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2014; 21 (10): 3223-3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-3915-z
- Zucca-Matthes G., Manconi A., Costa Viera R.A. et al. The evolution of mastectomies in the oncoplastic breast surgery era. Gland. Surgery. 2013; 2: 102-106.
- Zurrida S., Bassi F., Arnone P. The changing face of mastectomy (from mutilation to aid to breast reconstruction). Intern. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 10: 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/980158