Clinical and cytological characteristic of a condition of the oral cavity at pregnant women with various types of a diabetes mellitus

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Abstract

Introduction. More and more researches dedicated to the communication of diseases of the oral cavity of pregnant women with diabetes. It is proved that the intensity of caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) increase significantly during pregnancy, while the presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes, increase these indexes.

Aim. The aim of the work was to study the dental status of pregnant women with diabetes.

Materials and methods. The study compared women with gestational diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes, to a control group of pregnant women without diabetes. In addition to clinical research methods, liquid-based cytology of the contents of the gingival sulcus was performed.

Results. The results of clinical and laboratory studies have shown that inflammatory diseases of periodontium and teeth within pregnant women with diabetes are more common than within the pregnant women without this disease. It should be noted that the frequency of occurrence and severity of these diseases in the pregnant women with type I diabetes is higher than in the other groups.

Conclusion. Pregnant women with diabetes are at risk for dental disease and require more attention from dentists, endocrinologists and obstetricians. The use of liquid-based cytology method helps in the diagnosis of inflammatory periodontal diseases.

About the authors

Ludmila Yu Orekhova

Pavlov State Medical University of St Petersburg

Author for correspondence.
Email: prof_orekhova@mail.ru
MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry Russian Federation

Anna A Aleksandrova

Pavlov State Medical University of St Petersburg

Email: constant82@icloud.com
Postgraduate of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry Russian Federation

Ludmila A Aleksandrova

St Petersburg University

Email: aleksandrovamila@gmail.com
MD of the Department of Obtetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology Russian Federation

Ramila S Musaeva

Pavlov State Medical University of St Petersburg

Email: r.s.musaeva@mail.ru
Assistant of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry Russian Federation

Gulrukhsor Kh Tolibova

FSBSI “The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O.Ott”

Email: gulyatolibova@mail.ru
MD. PhD Department of Pathomorphology Russian Federation

Eleonora V Posokhova

Pavlov State Medical University of St Petersburg

Email: posokhova_eleonora@mail.ru
Intern of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2016 Orekhova L.Y., Aleksandrova A.A., Aleksandrova L.A., Musaeva R.S., Tolibova G.K., Posokhova E.V.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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