A model for predicting the risk of preeclampsia in women with different somatotypes

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Abstract

Hypothesis/aims of study. Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy-specific multi-organ disease of complex etiology. It affects 3–6% of expectant mothers worldwide and it persists as a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at analyzing the frequency of preeclampsia in women with different somatotypes and at developing a prediction model to determine the risk of this disease.

Study design, materials and methods. 390 women were examined, of whom 110 were of the macrosomatic type, 173 of the mesosomatic type, and 107 of the microsomatic type. Somatometry was performed according to R.N. Dorokhov in women in early pregnancy (before 9–10 weeks of gestation). The urinary excretion of markers for podocyte injury (nephrin, podocalyxin, and VEGF) was measured using ELISA spectrophotometric methods.

Results. Preeclampsia has been found to be significantly more prevalent among the representatives of the macrosomatic type, compared to women of the meso- and microsomatic types. Urine nephrin, podocalyxin and VEGF levels were significantly higher in women of the macrosomatic type, as compared to those of the meso- and microsomatic types. Using multiple regression analysis, we obtained the regression equation (formula), which predicts the development of preeclampsia in women of different somatotypes.

Conclusion. Carrying out calculations according to the presented formula allows predicting the occurrence of preeclampsia with high accuracy, as well as forming high-risk groups among patients already in the first trimester of pregnancy when a pregnant woman is registered in the women’s consultation, long before the disease develops. This will contribute to more effective implementation of therapeutic measures to prevent the development of this complication.

About the authors

Kristina G. Tomayeva

North-Ossetia State Medical Academy

Author for correspondence.
Email: tomaevakg@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0269-5507
SPIN-code: 7129-6523

MD, Ph. D., assistant of the Department of obstetrics and gynecology №2

Russian Federation, Vladikavkaz

Sergey N. Gaydukov

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: gaiducovsn@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 9832-1524

MD, PhD, DSci (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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