Интерференция РНК в формировании соматического генома у инфузорий Paramecium и Tetrahymena

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Инфузории являются отличной моделью для исследования интерференции РНК, играющей важнейшую роль в биологии этих протистов. В обзоре в сравнительном аспекте рассмотрены механизмы геномного сканирования, при каждом половом процессе обеспечивающие формирование соматического генома из хромосом генеративного ядра, у инфузорий Tetrahymena и Paramecium, относящихся к классу Oligohymenophorea. Сравнение нескольких одновременно существующих в клетке геномов осуществляется при посредничестве малых РНК и приводит к точному воспроизведению материнского соматического генома у потомков.

Об авторах

Ирина Владимировна Некрасова

Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет

Email: ne-irina@yandex.ru

доцент, биологический факультет

Россия, 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д.7/9

Алексей Анатольевич Потехин

Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: alexey.potekhin@spbu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4162-5923
ResearcherId: K-3633-2013

профессор, биологический факультет

Россия, 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д.7/9

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2. Рис. 1. Процесс геномного сканирования у Paramecium (A) и Tetrahymena (Б).

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3. Рис. 2. Малые РНК, участвующие в геномном сканировании у парамеций и тетрахимен. У парамеций они представлены сканРНК, образующимися в результате работы белков Dcl2/3, и iesРНК, образующимися с помощью белка Dcl5 в петле усиления. У тетрахимен в геномном сканировании участвуют ранние и поздние сканРНК, формирующиеся с помощью белка Dcl1 и имеющие метилированную рибозу на 3’-конце

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4. Рис. 3. Периоды экспрессии генов белков Piwi в жизненном цикле парамеций и тетрахимен. Редукционное деление микронуклеусов конъюгирующих клеток обозначено символом «R!». В каждой из конъюгирующих клеток из гаплоидных ядер, образовавшихся в результате мейоза микронуклеуса(ов), остается только одно, остальные разрушаются. Это единственное гаплоидное ядро делится митотически (М), в результате чего формируются два генетически идентичных гаплоидных пронуклеуса, один из которых (стационарный пронуклеус) остается в исходной клетке, а второй мигрирует в клетку партнера по половому процессу, где сливается со стационарным пронуклеусом второй клетки. Образовавшееся зиготическое ядро, синкарион, далее делится митотически (также обозначено М)

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© Некрасова И.В., Потехин А.А., 2018

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Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
 


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