Models of osmotic stress as a tool for proteomics and metabolomics of legume seeds

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Abstract

Drought poses a significant challenge to the sustainable development of modern agriculture and to the achievement of high crop yields. Water deficit causes osmotic stress and triggers plant physiological responses characterized by reduced water potential, diminished stomatal conductance, and decreased photosynthetic efficiency. Long-term adaptation to osmotic stress entails intricate metabolic rearrangements, leading to the accumulation of osmoprotectants, activation of antioxidant systems, and increased biosyntheses of stress-protective proteins. The severity and duration of drought, along with plant genotype and developmental stage, influence the plant response to stress, consequently affecting crop yield and quality. Particularly in the context of legumes, which are crucial for human and animal nutrition, understanding adaptive strategies to water deficit is essential for the cultivation of drought-resistant genotypes, primarily because these crops predominantly thrive in semi-arid regions. Proteomics and metabolomics approaches, in turn, serve as valuable tools, offering critical insights into the molecular dynamics governing plant responses to drought stress. Furthermore, the use of reliable drought simulation models is imperative for the effective evaluation of legume response to water scarcity, aiding the cultivation of drought-tolerant varieties. This review highlights the perspectives of utilizing different osmotic stress models to investigate proteome and metabolome alteration within seeds of food legumes.

About the authors

Tatiana S. Leonova

Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry

Email: Tatiana.Leonova@ipb-halle.de
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7153-5059
SPIN-code: 6132-3216
Germany, Halle (Saale)

Tatiana E. Bilova

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: bilova.tatiana@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6024-3667
SPIN-code: 4992-4778
Scopus Author ID: 6508127438
ResearcherId: M-2405-2015

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Andrej A. Frolov

Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry; K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology

Author for correspondence.
Email: Andrej.Frolov@ipb-halle.de
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7593-7717
SPIN-code: 5105-2490

Dr. Sci. (Biology)

Germany, Halle (Saale); Moscow, Russia

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