Characterization and identification of naturally transgenic species Linaria vulgaris pathogenic mycromycetes

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Abstract

In nature there are species containing homologs of T-DNA genes of agrobacteria (сT-DNA) in their genomes. Such plants are called naturally transgenic ones. Interaction with the microbiota is one of the possible functions of cT-DNA, discussed in the literature. Linaria plants are the most suitable for the investigation of the probable ecological role of T-DNA, since they widely spread. The first stage in the evaluation of plant-microbial interactions involving these plants is the description of isolates with contrasting virulence for toadflax. The search and DNA-barcoding of such isolates of Phoma-like fungi was the goal of this work. 14 strains isolated from the plants of the families Plantaginaceae and Scrophullariaceae were analyzed. The of multilocus analysis included amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacers, a large subunit of RNA, a tubulin gene. Based on molecular data, 9 strains were assigned to the species Boeremia exigua, which has a wide range of habitats and a wide specialization. Strains of this species were virulent against L. vulgaris, but differed in aggressiveness with respect to this plant. Thus, a collection of strains was characterized, which can later be used for a more detailed study of the immune response of the naturally-transgenic L. vulgaris plant in response to inoculation with the B. exigua phytopathogen. As a result of the work, we identified the narrow host range fungi Heterophoma novae-verbascicola, and broad host range pathogens Plectosphaerella cucumerina, Phoma herbarum and Trichothecium roseum. Among them, only P. cucumerina was a weak pathogen of L. vulgaris. These results confirm the early data on the depleted mycobiota of L. vulgaris.

About the authors

Sofia V. Sokornova

All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection

Author for correspondence.
Email: mymryk@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 3223-0513

Senior Researcher

Russian Federation, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg

Elena L. Gasich

All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection

Email: elena_gasich@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 1101-5323

Senior Researcher

Russian Federation, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg

Victoria D. Bemova

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: viktoria.bemova@yandex.ru

Master Student

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Tatiana V. Matveeva

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: radishlet@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 3877-6598

Professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Molecular Phylogenetic analysis by Maximum Likelihood method. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model [22]. The bootstrap consensus tree inferred from 500 replicates [24] is taken to represent the evolutionary history of the taxa analyzed [24]. Branches corresponding to partitions reproduced in less than 40% bootstrap replicates are collapsed. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (500 replicates) are shown next to the branches [24]. Initial tree(s) for the heuristic search were obtained automatically by applying Neighbor-Join and BioNJ algorithms to a matrix of pairwise distances estimated using the Maximum Compo site Likelihood (MCL) approach, and then selecting the topology with superior log likelihood value. The analysis involved 21 nucleotide sequences. Codon positions included were 1st+2nd+3rd+Noncoding. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated. There was a total of 295 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA7 [23]. Disclaimer: Although utmost care has been taken to ensure the correctness of the caption, the caption text is provided “as is” without any warranty of any kind. Authors advise the user to carefully check the caption prior to its use for any purpose and report any errors or problems to the authors immediately (www.megasoftware.net). In no event shall the authors and their employers be liable for any damages, including but not limited to special, consequential, or other damages. Authors specifically disclaim all other warranties expressed or implied, including but not limited to the determination of suitability of this caption text for a specific purpose, use, or application

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Copyright (c) 2018 Sokornova S.V., Gasich E.L., Bemova V.D., Matveeva T.V.

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