Динамика нестабильных хромосомных аберраций в популяциях людей: обзор
- Авторы: Куприянова А.В.1, Ахмадуллина Ю.Р.1
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Учреждения:
- Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины
- Выпуск: Том 23, № 3 (2025)
- Страницы: 287-301
- Раздел: Генетическая токсикология
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/ecolgenet/article/view/361853
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen677348
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/EONDIH
- ID: 361853
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Аннотация
Нестабильные хромосомные аберрации являются ключевыми показателями повреждений генома, вызванных радиационными и химическими факторами. Несмотря на значительное количество публикаций, отсутствует обобщенная картина распространенности нестабильных хромосомных аберраций среди населения, особенно среди групп повышенного риска, связанных с промышленной деятельностью, экологическими загрязнениями и чрезвычайными ситуациями. Результаты исследования имеют важное значение для объективной оценки последствий крупных аварий, техногенных катастроф и изменения экологической обстановки, оказывающих влияние на состояние здоровья человека. Проведен поиск литературных источников, содержащих данные о динамике частоты нестабильных хромосомных аберраций у людей, подвергшихся воздействию радиационного и химических факторов. Рассмотрена частота нестабильных хромосомных аберраций у неэкспонированных лиц, составляющих группу сравнения для экспонированных лиц в разных регионах России и некоторых зарубежных странах. Исследования охватывают широкий временной промежуток, включая как кратковременные, так и долговременные эффекты воздействий, а также анализ различных ситуаций радиационного и хронического химического воздействия. Представлены сравнительные данные частоты нестабильных хромосомных аберраций в контрольных и экспонированных группах, демонстрирующие различные паттерны реагирования организма на внешние мутагены. Подчеркнута сохраняющаяся необходимость оценки хромосомных аберраций, возникающих у людей под воздействием как радиационных, так и химических факторов. Отмечена важность разработки единых стандартов классификации и измерения нестабильных хромосомных аберраций для улучшения точности и сопоставимости результатов исследований.
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Анастасия Вениаминовна Куприянова
Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины
Email: roksiika@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-8699-2745
Россия, 454141, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 68-А
Юлия Рафисовна Ахмадуллина
Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: akhmadullina.yul@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4394-2228
SPIN-код: 3511-3838
Россия, 454141, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 68-А
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