Oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine - 5-hydroxymethylcytosine: a new insight into the biological significance in the mammalian genome

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Abstract

The present review summarizes data on 5-hydroxymethylcytosine - a modification of cytosine with a recently discovered epigenetic effect. The biochemical mechanisms of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine formation and further modification in the mammalian genome are discussed; the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the epigenetic reprogramming during mammalian gametogenesis and early embryogenesis as well as in the regulation of gene expression is analyzed; data on the diseases and the adverse environmental factors, linked to the DNA hydroxymethyaltion disruptions is shown.

About the authors

Olga Alekseyevna Efimova

D. O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: efimova_o82@mail.ru
Researcher, PhD. Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis of human inherited and inborn disorders

Anna Andreyevna Pendina

D. O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: pendina@mail.ru
Researcher, PhD. Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis of human inherited and inborn disorders

Andrei Vladimirovich Tikhonov

Saint Petersburg State University

Email: tixonov5790@gmail.com
PhD student. Department of Genetics abd Biotechnology

Tatyana Vladimirovna Kuznetzova

D. O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

PhD, senior researcher. Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis of human inherited and inborn disorders

Vladislav Sergeyevich Baranov

D. O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Email: baranov@vb2475.spb.edu
Head of the lab., prof. Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis of human inherited and inborn disorders

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Copyright (c) 2014 Efimova O.A., Pendina A.A., Tikhonov A.V., Kuznetzova T.V., Baranov V.S.

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