About stress, ... Or about Hans Selye’s two errors, conquered the world

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

Too broad understanding of the term “stress”, which Selye himself and his followers used in their popular science works, reduces its scientific value. Based on a brief analysis of examples of the ambiguity of the term “stress”, it is proposed to restore its research significance. For that, the concept of “stress” should be used more strictly and unequivocally and it would not be allowed to use a “commonly broad” understanding the term in scientific papers. In the frame of earlier Selye’s stress definition, it suggests a more detailed structuring of the term based on levels of studying of living objects, including genetic.

About the authors

Eugene V. Daev

Saint Petersburg State University; Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: mouse_gene@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2036-6790

PhD, Sc.D., professor, Dept. Genetics and Biotechnology of SPbSU; Leading Scientific Researcher, Lab. of Higher Nervous Activity of Pavlov's Institute of RAS

Russian Federation, 7/9, Universitetskaya embankment, Saint-Petersburg, 199034; 6, Makarova street, St.Petersburg, 199034

References

  1. Reeder DM, Kramer KM. Stress in free-ranging mammals: integrating physiology, ecology, and natural history. J Mammalog. 2005;86(2):225-235. https://doi.org/10.1644/BHE-003.1.
  2. Steinberg CE. Stress Ecology. Environmental stress as ecological driving force and key player in evolution. Springer, Dordrecht; 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2072-5_1.
  3. Creel S, Dantzer B, Goymann W, Rubenstein DR. The ecology of stress: effects of the social environment. Functional Ecology. 2013;27(1):66-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02029.x.
  4. Selye H. A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. 1936. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998;10(2): 230-231. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.10.2.230a.
  5. Bernard C. Lectures on the phenomena of life common to animals and plants. Vol. 1 // Hoff HE, Guillemin R, Guillemin L (1878). Trans. Spring-field (IL): Charles C Thomas; 1974.
  6. Cannon WB. The wisdom of the body. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., Inc.; 1932. 312 p.
  7. Cannon WB. Stresses and strains of homeostasis. Am J Med Sci. 1935;189(1):13-14. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-193501000-00001.
  8. Gross CG. Claude Bernard and the constancy of the internal environment. Neuroscientist. 1998;4(5):380-385. https://doi.org/10.1177/107385849800400520.
  9. Kopin IJ. Definitions of stress and sympathetic neuronal responses. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1995;771(1):19-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44667.x.
  10. Селье Г. От мечты к открытию: как стать ученым / Пер. с англ. Н.И. Войскунской; под общ. ред. М.Н. Кондрашовой, И.С. Хорола. – М.: Прогресс, 1987. – 366 с. [Selye H. From dream to discovery: on being a scientist. Transl. from English N.I. Voyskunskaya, ed. by M.N. Kondrashova, I.S. Khorol. Moscow: Progress; 1987. 366 р. (In Russ.)]
  11. Селье Г. Очерки об адаптационном синдроме / Пер. с англ. В.И. Кандрора, А.А. Рогова; под ред. М.Г. Дурмишьяна. – М.: Медгиз, 1960. – 254 с. [Selye H. The story of the adaptation syndrome. Transl. from English V.I. Kandror, A.A. Rogov, ed. by M.G. Durmish’yan. Moscow: Medgiz; 1960. 254 р. (In Russ.)]
  12. Selye H. The physiology and pathology of exposure to stress. Montreal: Acta Med. Publ.; 1950. 203 p.
  13. Селье Г. На уровне целого организма / Пер. с англ. И.А. Доброхотовой, А.В. Парина. – М.: Наука, 1972. – 122 с. [Selye H. In vivo, the case for supramolecular biology. Transl. from English I.A. Dobrokhotova, A.V. Parin. Moscow: Nauka; 1972. 122 р. (In Russ.)]
  14. Селье Г. Стресс без дистресса / Пер. с англ. под общ. ред. Е.М. Крепса. – М.: Прогресс, 1979. – 126 с. [Selye H. Stress without distress. Transl. from English, ed. by E.M. Kreps. Moscow: Progress; 1979. 126 р. (In Russ.)]
  15. Van Straalen NM. Peer reviewed: Ecotoxicology becomes stress ecology. Environmental Sci Technol. 2003;37(17):324A-330A. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0325720.
  16. Даев Е.В. Действие экзогенных метаболитов на цитогенетические характеристики сперматогенеза и репродуктивную функцию самцов домовой мыши: Дис. … канд. биол. наук. – Л., 1983. – 125 с. [Daev EV. Deystviye ekzogennykh metabolitov na tsitogeneticheskiye kharakteristiki spermatogeneza i reproduktivnuyu funktsiyu samtsov domovoy myshi. [dissertation] Leningrad; 1983. 125 p. (In Russ.)]. Доступно по: https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01008850206. Ссылка активна на 12.07.2019.
  17. Даев Е.В. Генетические последствия ольфакторных стрессов у мышей: Автореф. дис. … докт. биол. наук. – СПб., 2006. – 34 с. [Daev EV. Geneticheskiye posledstviya ol’faktornykh stressov u myshey. [dissertation abstract] Saint Petersburg; 2006. 34 p. (In Russ.)]. Доступно по: https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01003278994. Ссылка активна на 12.07.2019.
  18. Daev EV. Genetic aspects of stress neuroendocrinology // Neuroendocrinology research developments. N.S. Penkava, L.R. Haight, eds. Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.; 2010. P. 119-133.
  19. Дюжикова Н.А., Даев Е.В. Геном и стресс-реакция у животных и человека // Экологическая генетика. – 2018. – Т. 16. – № 1. – С. 4–26. [Dyuzhikova NA, Daev EV. Genome and stress-reaction in animals and humans. Ecological genetics. 2018;16(1):4-26. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen1614-26.
  20. Ингель Ф.И., Прихожан Л.М., Геворкян Н.М., и др. Длительный психоэмоциональный стресс как индуктор мутаций у млекопитающих и модификатор мутагенеза // Бюллетень экспериментальной биологии и медицины. – 1993. – Т. 116. – № 9. – С. 307–309. [Ingel’ FI, Prikhozan LM, Gevorkyan NM, et al. Long emotional stress as an inducer of mutations in mammals and modifier mutagenesis. Byulleten’ eksperimental’noy biologii i meditsiny. 1993;116(9):307-309. (In Russ.)]
  21. Selye H. The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.; 1956. 325 p.
  22. Дьюсбери Д.А. Поведение животных. Сравнительные аспекты / Пер. с англ. И.И. Полетаевой. – М.: Мир, 1981. – 479 с. [Dewsbury DA. Comparative animal behavior. Transl. from English I.I. Poletayeva. Moscow: Mir; 1981. 479 р. (In Russ.)]
  23. Hoffmann AA, Hercus MJ. Environmental stress as an evolutionary force. BioScience. 2000;50(3):217. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0217: esaaef]2.3.co;2.
  24. Kristensen TN, Loeschcke V, Tan Q, et al. Sex and age specific reduction in stress resistance and mitochondrial DNA copy number in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):12305. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48752-7.
  25. Dues DJ, Andrews EK, Senchuk MM, van Raamsdonk JM. Resistance to stress can be experimentally dissociated from longevity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019;74(8):1206-1214. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gly213.
  26. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal and coping. New York: Springer Pub. Co.; 1984.
  27. Global organization for stress. Stress definitions from stress researchers [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://www.gostress.com/stress-definitions-from-stress-researchers/. Ссылка активна на 12.07.2019.
  28. Сизова Ю.В., Писанов Р.В., Бурлакова О.С., и др. Роль кадаверина в адаптации холерных вибрионов к стрессу, обусловленному гипоксией // Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. – 2016. – Т. 2. – С. 87–90. [Sizova YuV, Pisanov RV, Burlakova OS, et al. The role of cadaverine in cholera vibrio adaptation to stress conditions, induced by hypoxia. Problemy osobo opasnykh infektsiy. 2016;(2):87-90. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2016-2-87-90.
  29. Яковец О.Г. Фитофизиология стресса: курс лекций. – Минск: БГУ, 2010. – 103 с. [Yakovets OG. Fitofiziologiya stressa: kurs lektsiy. Minsk: Belarusian state University; 2010. 103 p. (In Russ.)]
  30. Кассиль Г.Н. Некоторые гуморально-гормональные и барьерные механизмы стресса // Актуальные проблемы стресса. – Кишинев: Штиинца, 1976. – С. 100–115. [Kassil’ GN. Nekotoryye gumoral’no-gormonal’nyye i bar’yernyye mekhanizmy stressa. Aktual’nyye problemy stressa. Kishinev: Shtiintsa; 1976. Р. 100-115. (In Russ.)]
  31. Fortier C, Selye H. Adrenocorticotrophic effect of stress after severance of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal pathway. Am J Physiol. 1949;159(3):433-439. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1949.159.3.433.
  32. Инге-Вечтомов С.Г. Язык ученого и национальная идея // Проблемы деятельности ученого и научных коллективов. – 2011. – № 26. – С. 197–205. [Inge-Vechtomov SG. Yazyk uchenogo i natsional’naya ideya. Problemy deyatel’nosti uchenogo i nauchnykh kollektivov. 2011;(26):197-205. (In Russ.)]
  33. Даев Е.В. Я шел в редакцию и в галошах… // Экологическая генетика. – 2014. – T. 12. – № 4. – С. 44–49. [Daev EV. I walked in the editorial office and in galoshes… (or how not to write scientific articles). Ecological genetics. 2014;12(4):44-49. (In Russ.)]
  34. Даев Е.В., Забарин А.В., Баркова С.М., Дукельская А.В. Искажение научной информации как источник формирования напряженности в обществе: пример ГМО // Экологическая генетика. – 2015. – T. 13. – № 2. – С. 5–20. [Daev EV, Zabarin AV, Barkova SM, Dukel’skaya AV. Distortions of scientific information as a source of the formation of tension in society: the GMO case. Russ J Genet Appl Res. 2016;6(6):633-645. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059716060034.
  35. Bell D, Deves R, Dyasi H, et al. Principles and big ideas of science education. Wynne Harlen; 2010. P. 60.
  36. Xu C, Bailly-Maitre B, Reed JC. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: cell life and death decisions. J Clin Invest. 2005;115(10):2656-64. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI26373.
  37. Amen OM, Sarker SD, Ghildyal R, Arya A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress activates unfolded protein response signaling and mediates inflammation, obesity, and cardiac dysfunction: therapeutic and molecular approach. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:977. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00977.
  38. Schieber M, Chandel NS. ROS function in redox signaling and oxidative stress. Curr Biol. 2014;24(10):R453-R462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.034.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. Scheme about “stress” as general response of organism to environmental stressors. * force in that case means any action feature (duration, repeatability, intensity, absence of factor, etc.), which is out of common adaptability limits determined by evolution. Essential rearrangement of organism state in “stress” can change its resistance limits to stressor [15] – “norm of reaction”. That leads to lasting resistance (often with reduced level of general fitness). The end of stressor action results in the same effect (or leads to restore of an organism properties)

Download (55KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2019 Daev E.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
 


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies