Complex study of potential toxicity and genotoxicity of water samples from natural sources of the suburban zone of Almaty

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Abstract

Background. Natural aquatic ecosystems are the habitat of many organisms, a source of drinking water, a resource for human activities and are subjected to anthropogenic pressure. In this regard, interest in studying the genotoxicity and mutagenicity of surface waters has increased significantly. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of the surface waters of the suburban area of Almaty.

Material and methods. The research materials were water samples of the rivers Esik, Turgen and Lake Esik. The atomic absorption method, lux-test, cytogenetic tests (Hordeum vulgare L.), phytotoxicity test (Allium cepa L.) and embryotoxicity (Danio rerio H.) were used.

Results. Physico-chemical water analysis revealed an excess of MPC for Mn, Pb, Cd, Zn. Using the lux-test on E. coli KatG strains, the pro-oxidant activity of Esik R. water. On the plant test objects revealed toxicity and mutagenicity of water samples. The results of bio-testing of natural waters with D. rerio revealed their high toxicity and teratogenicity for embryos at all stages of development.

Conclusion. The results of this study obtained on various test-systems and test-objects indicate that surface waters are contaminated by environmentally dangerous factors that pose a threat to biota and human health.

About the authors

Anna V. Lovinskaya

al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Author for correspondence.
Email: annalovinska@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7012-2415
SPIN-code: 5200-6734
Scopus Author ID: 55701592700
ResearcherId: N-6536-2014

PhD, Senior Lecturer, Senior Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology

Kazakhstan, 71 al-Farabi ave., Almaty, 050038

Saule Zh. Kolumbayeva

al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Email: saule.kolumbayeva@kaznu.kz
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0835-3655
SPIN-code: 6953-7523
Scopus Author ID: 22134772600
ResearcherId: N-8528-2014

Doctor of Biological Science, professor, Chief Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology

Kazakhstan, 71 al-Farabi ave., Almaty, 050038

Maria A. Suvorova

al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Email: maria_suvorova@list.ru
SPIN-code: 3320-0084

PhD, Senior Researcher of the Mutagenesis Laboratory

Kazakhstan, 71 al-Farabi ave., Almaty, 050038

Akerke I. Iliyassova

al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Email: ailiyassova@mail.ru

Master Student, Research Intern, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology

Kazakhstan, 71 al-Farabi ave., Almaty, 050038

Zarema M. Biyasheva

al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Email: zaremabiya@gmail.com
Scopus Author ID: 6506213425

Candidate of Biological Science, Associate Professor, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology

Kazakhstan, 71 al-Farabi ave., Almaty, 050038

Serikbay K. Abilev

Vavilov Institute of General Genetics; Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: abilev@vigg.ru
SPIN-code: 4692-4311
Scopus Author ID: 8723003000

Doctor of Biological Science, Professor, Scientific Secretary; Professor, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, 3, Gubkin street, Moscow, 119991; 1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

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2. Fig. 1. The location of water sampling points in the suburban area of Almaty: No. 1 — river Esik (p. No. 1-1, 1-2, 1-3); No. 2 — Lake Esik (p. No. 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4); No. 3 — river Turgen (p. No. 3-1, 3-2)

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3. Fig. 2. The average length of the roots of Allium cepa exposed to water samples from water bodies near the city of Almaty for 7 and 14 days

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4. Fig. 3. Chromosome abnormalities induced by the waters of natural sources in barley seeds: a is the norm in metaphase (2n = 14); b — centric ring; c — acentric ring; d — chromatid terminal deletion; e — the norm in anaphase; f — bridge; g — lagging chromosomes; h — multipolar mitosis; i — polyploid set (2n = 28)

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5. Fig. 4. Development of the D. rerio embryo in normality and pathology: а — is a normal D. rerio embryo in the chorion, ×40; E — eyes, YS — yolk sac, Ch — chorion; b — embryo with abnormal development of the caudal region and growth retardation, ×100; the arrows indicate the curvature of the axial skeleton

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Copyright (c) 2019 Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Z., Suvorova M.A., Iliyassova A.I., Biyasheva Z.M., Abilev S.K.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
 


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