A clinical case of successful treatment of a giant serous endometrial carcinoma imitating ovarian cancer

Background: Giant tumors of the abdominal cavity, as a rule, occur in elderly patients with characteristic features and represent a serious problem in terms of choosing a radical method of therapy. Of particular difficulty are cases of giant serous endometrial cancer, requiring a differential diagnosis with ovarian cancer.

Clinical case description: A clinical case of giant serous endometrial cancer mimicking ovarian cancer in a 55-year-old woman is presented. The patient came to the oncology department with complaints of abdominal enlargement, difficulty breathing and bloody discharge from the genital tract. The examination revealed the following: a giant formation (40×65 cm), occupying the entire pelvic and the entire abdominal cavities, ascites, lesions of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, and the greater omentum, an umbilical hernia. A chest CT showed multiple contrast-accumulating circular shadows of 3–13 mm (metastases). By the decision of the council, after the preliminary chemoembolization of both the uterine and ovarian arteries, a supravaginal amputation of the uterus with appendages was performed, along with the resection of the greater omentum, removal of the umbilical hernia with positioning a plastic mesh implant and excision of an excess skin flap. The histological examination of the intraoperative material made it possible to verify the diagnosis of a serous endometrial carcinoma with subtotal tumor necrosis, the myometrium invasion of more than a half of its thickness, with the egress to the perimetrium, metastatic lesions of both ovaries, the greater omentum, anterior abdominal wall. Stage T3b (FIGO IIIB). In the postoperative period, 6 courses of Paclitaxel / Carboplatin (AUC4-5) chemotherapy were carried out with a pronounced clinical effect. The patient was discharged in a satisfactory condition. The control PET-CT scan after the 6th chemotherapy course showed no pathology in the thoracic cavity, and no process progress in the abdominal cavity. Currently, the remission of the disease is 9 months.

Conclusion: An algorithm for the diagnostic measures aimed at making the correct diagnosis is presented, and the tactics of treating a patient with giant serous endometrial cancer is described.