Vol 11, No 4 (2013)
- Year: 2013
- Articles: 4
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/RCF/issue/view/67
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/RCF114
Articles
ADAPTOGENS AND RELATED GROUPS OF DRUGS - 50 YEARS OF SEARCHING
Abstract
This review takes an indepth look at adaptogens (compounds that increase the body's protective resources) and related pharmacological groups of drugs: immunomodulators, actoprotectors, antihypoxants, antioxidants, radioprotective and radiosensitizer compounds. The mechanisms and biochemical characteristics of drug action of these medical substances are discussed in relation to their structure. Bibliography: 212 references.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2013;11(4):3-43
3-43
Pharmacology of polyprenols as adaptogens reducing glycation processes
Abstract
Nowadays a significant attention is currently given to the process of glycation which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular complications of diabetes and different neurodegenerative diseases. As a result of inconvertible transformation of early glycation products, stable compounds with different structure are produced - advanced glycation end-products (AGE), which have special patterns leading to pathological development. There are specific receptors of AGE which include phagocyte receptor, RAGE-receptor for advanced glycation end products, and galectin-3. It is necessary to find methods for prevention of development negative processes induced by glycation. It can be administration of glycation inhibitors or the use of compounds, leading to reduction of the level of glycation products, as well as intensification of metabolic processes, which also promotes reduction of glycation. It can also be inhibition of interlocking with receptor and/or post-receptor signaling pathways, which can theoretically reduce the risk of negative phenomena, induced by glycation products. Polyprenols are biologically highly functional active compounds taking part in the process of polysaccharides, glycoproteins, peptidoglycanes and carbohydrate-containing biopolymers biosynthesis. Polyprenols are perspective drugs that can be applied in various fields of experimental and clinical medicine.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2013;11(4):44-53
44-53
Modulation of electrical activity and ionic currents of isolated neurons by orexin A
Abstract
The changes in intracellular potential of resting (PR) and potential of action (PA) of the identified neurons of pedal and visceral ganglia of the CNS mollusk Planorbarius corneus registered by means of intracellular electrodes, and ionic currents of isolated neurons under fixed potential after administration of orexin A in concentrations 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µg/ml were studied by the method of fixation of membrane potential in isolated neurons of the Lymnaea stagnalis mollusk. Dibazol in concentrations of 1 and 10 µM effected slightly on the ionic currents. High concentrations of dibazol (100 and 1000 µM) inhibited all currents in dose dependent manner with maximal effect on potassium currents amplitude. ЕС50 were 7.4 мМ for INa, 4.0 мМ for ICa, 83.9 µM for IKs,1 (one group of neurons) and 2.9 мМ for IKs,2 (the another group of neurons). The voltage-amper membrane characteristics shift was not registered, but the kinetics of currents development was changed. Dibazol was more effective in inhibition of ionic currents compared to its structural analogs.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2013;11(4):54-60
54-60
Agonist of V 2 vasopressin receptor, 1-dezamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin, reduces parkinson's disease symptoms
Abstract
In clinical trials have studied one of the central effects of a selective agonist of V 2 vasopressin receptors, 1-dezamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin (DDAVP), in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and parkinsonism. In patients with a tremor-rigid shape and akinetic-rigid form of the disease regressed major movement disorders: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and hypokinesia. These findings point to the new properties vasopressin, enhance understanding of its functional role in humans and its potential use in neurological patients. DDAVP may be used as monotherapy in the early stages of PD and parkinsonism of various origins.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2013;11(4):61-67
61-67