Inhibition of the complement anaphylatoxin activities in the central nervous system disorders

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Abstract

The review is devoted to inhibition of the complement anaphylatoxin activities in diseases of the central nervous system. Here we present epidemiological data on the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases, in particular, ischemic stroke and craniocerebral trauma. The mechanisms of complement activation and complement-mediated pathology in the central nervous system are considered in detail. Clinical data confirming the role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of stroke and of post-traumatic brain injury are presented. We also summarize the results of in vivo specific activity studies of the complement anaphylatoxin inhibitors using animal models of stroke and traumatic brain injury. Briefly described is the present state of the art in developing drugs that target the effector compounds of the complement cascade.

About the authors

Kseniya A. Nekrasova

State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations

Email: k.a.nekrasova@hpb.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0242-9615

Head of R&D Department

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexander M. Ischenko

State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations

Email: a.m.ischenko@hpb.spb.ru

PhD, Head of Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexander V. Trofimov

State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations

Author for correspondence.
Email: a.v.trofimov@hpb.spb.ru

Group Leader, Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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2. Figure. Mechanisms of activation of the complement system. Continuous arrows — the pathways of complement activation, brocken arrows — negative regulation of convertases and membrane attack complex (MAC) assembly, ovals — regulatory proteins, ∫ — activating surface, FD* — precursor of factor D, l/phase — liquid-phase, s/phase — solid-phase

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