Impact of beta-D-glucan on survival and hematopoietic parameters of mice after exposure to X-rays

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is a high need for drugs to reduce the side effects of radiation exposure on people in extreme, military, marine, space medicine, at nuclear facilities, in hematology and oncology.

AIM: To evaluate the antiradiation efficacy of beta-D-glucan derived from Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) after total body irradiation of mice in terms of survival and hematopoiesis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on a mouse model of the acute radiation hematopoietic syndrome caused by exposure to X-rays. Radioprotective effect of intragastrically administered beta-D-glucan derived from Pleurotus ostreatus at a dose of 500 mg/kg was studied. The parameters of the 30-day survival of irradiated mice were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meyer method. Dose reduction factor of X-ray radiation was calculated to evaluate the radiomodifying effect. The hematopoiesis was assessed by the endogenous colony formation test and hematological parameters in irradiated mice. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 8.0 software.

RESULTS: The antiradiation efficacy of orally administered beta-D-glucan has been shown. DRF was 1.16 when the drug was administered 0.5 hours before irradiation and 1.06 during therapeutic use (after 1 or 2 hours). There was a decrease in weight loss in lethally irradiated mice and its faster recovery. Single oral administration of beta-D-glucan at a dose of 500 mg/kg stimulated the growth of splenic endogenous colony-forming units in mice on day 9 after total body irradiation at doses of 7 and 7.8 Gy, contributed to a decrease in the severity of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The antiradiation effect of beta-D-glucan was associated with an increase in the viability of bone marrow stem cells and a faster restoration of hematopoiesis.

CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained indicate the possibility of using beta-D-glucan from P. ostreatus both before irradiation to increase the radioresistance and for early therapy of the hematopoietic syndrome of acute radiation sickness.

About the authors

Elena V. Murzina

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: elenmurzina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7052-3665
SPIN-code: 5188-0797

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Research Associate of the Research Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Genrikh A. Sofronov

Kirov Military Medical Academy; Институт экспериментальной медицины

Author for correspondence.
Email: gasofronov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8587-1328
SPIN-code: 7334-4881
Scopus Author ID: 7003953555
ResearcherId: G-4791-2015

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Research Laboratory of Medicinal and Environmental Toxicology of the Research Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Center; Scientific Director of the Institute

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

Andrey S. Simbirtsev

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: simbas@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8228-4240
SPIN-code: 2064-7584
Scopus Author ID: 7003758888
ResearcherId: K-5061-2014

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Research Associate of the Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Natalia V. Aksenova

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: nataaks@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5645-7072
SPIN-code: 6821-6887

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Statistician of the Research Department (All-Army Medical Register of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation), Research Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Gennady G. Zagorodnikov

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: gen73zag@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4859-0519
SPIN-code: 4465-5572

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Research Department (All-Army Medical Register of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation), Research Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Olga M. Veselova

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: veselova28@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 4864-8391

Research Associate of the Research Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Natalya A. Zhirnova

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: ji65@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9948-6260
SPIN-code: 8308-2139
ResearcherId: I-4804-2016

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Research Associate of the Research Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Elena V. Dmitrieva

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: ev.dmitrieva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6514-7837
SPIN-code: 6759-2407

Junior Research Associate of the Research Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Center

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Nicolay A. Klimov

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: nklimov@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 6093-7430

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Research Associate of the Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Evgeniy V. Vorobeychikov

Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology; Research and Production Company “BIOS”

Email: evorobeychikov@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 3756-7955

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Associate of the Department of Technology of Microbiological Synthesis; Deputy General Director

Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of body weight of non-irradiated mice (a) and mice following 8 Gy X-rays irradiation (b) with the use of beta-D-glucan (BG; 500 mg/kg, intragastrically), Ме [Q25; Q75]. * р < 0.005 vs the group “K”; ** р < 0,01 (Mann–Whitney U test)

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3. Fig. 2. Number of endogenous splenic colonies on day 9 after X-rays irradiation in mice without treatment (K) and after intragastric administration of beta-D-glucan (BG; 500 mg/kg)

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4. Fig. 3. Whole white blood counts on day 9 after X-rays irradiation in mice without treatment (K) and after intragastric administration of beta-D-glucan (BG; 500 mg/kg)

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5. Fig. 4. Effect of beta-D-glucan (BG; 500 mg/kg) on the number of platelets in the blood of mice on day 9 after total body X-rays irradiation, Ме [Q25; Q75]. * р < 0,005 vs the group “0 Gy”; ** р < 0,01 (Mann–Whitney U test). K – irradiation without beta-D-glucan

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