关于在医疗保健中实施人工智能系统的伦理方面

封面图片

如何引用文章

详细

考虑了人工智能系统在生命周期中使用的伦理问题,介绍了该领域世界和国内趋势的相关信息。 描述了在医疗保健中使用人工智能系统的伦理问题领域的国际和国家经验; 分析了医疗保健人工智能发展的国际和国家战略,特别关注国家发展,并确定了战略之间的主要趋势、异同。 还描述了俄罗斯人工智能系统临床试验过程的伦理组成部分,并在其框架内评估了其安全性和有效性。 人工智能系统技术监管方面国内先进经验的框架下,致力于在医疗领域人工智能系统的开发、测试和运行中使用的要求的统一和标准化,以及独特的人工智能系统的技术规范。介绍了俄罗斯在医疗器械认证要求方面的经验,使用人工智能技术。

特别强调了在人工智能技术领域建立成功的医疗保健系统的重要性,这有助于建立信任和遵守道德标准。

作者简介

Daria E. Sharova

Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine

Email: d.sharova@npcmr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5792-3912
SPIN 代码: 1811-7595
俄罗斯联邦, 28-1 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str.,109029 Moscow

Viktoria V. Zinchenko

Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine

Email: v.Zinchenko@npcmr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2307-725X
SPIN 代码: 4188-0635
俄罗斯联邦, 28-1 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str.,109029 Moscow

Ekaterina S. Akhmad

Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine

Email: e.Akhmad@npcmr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8235-9361
SPIN 代码: 5891-4384
俄罗斯联邦, 28-1 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str.,109029 Moscow

Olesia A. Mokienko

Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine

Email: o.Mokienko@npcmr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7826-5135
SPIN 代码: 8088-9921

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, 28-1 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str.,109029 Moscow

Anton V. Vladzymyrskyy

Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine

Email: a.Vladzymyrskyy@npcmr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2990-7736
SPIN 代码: 3602-7120

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, 28-1 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str.,109029 Moscow

Sergey P. Morozov

Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: Morozov@npcmr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6545-6170
SPIN 代码: 8542-1720

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, 28-1 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str.,109029 Moscow

参考

  1. Тop 10 principles for ethical artificial intelligence [Electronic resource]. UNI Global Union; 2017. 10 р. Available from: http://www.thefutureworldofwork.org/media/35420/uni_ethical_ai.pdf. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  2. World Medical Association, Inc. WMA Declaration of Helsinki — Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20140101202246/http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  3. Gerke S, Minssen T, Cohen G. Ethical and legal challenges of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare. In: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. 2020. P. 295–336. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818438-7.00012-5
  4. The state of the industry in Russia and the world. Strategy of Russia. In: Almanac "Artificial Intelligence": a collection of analytical materials on the field of artificial intelligence in Russia and the world. NTI Competence Center in the direction of "Artificial Intelligence" on the basis of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. 2019;1:7–136. (In Russ).
  5. Pavlov NA, Andreichenko AE, Vladzimirsky AV, et al. Reference medical datasets (MosMedData) for independent external evaluation of algorithms based on artificial intelligence in diagnostics. Digital Diagnostics. 2021;2(1):49–66. (In Russ).
  6. Jaremko JL, Azar M, Bromwich R, et al. Canadian association of radiologists white paper on ethical and legal issues related to artificial intelligence in radiology. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2019;70(2):107–118. doi: 10.1016/j.carj.2019.03.001
  7. Morozov SP, Vladzimirsky AV, Klyashtorny VG, et al. Clinical trials of software based on intelligent technologies (radiation diagnostics). The series "Best practices of radiation and instrumental diagnostics". Issue 57. Moscow; 2019. 51 p. (In Russ).
  8. FDA. Factors to consider regarding benefit-risk in medical device product availability, compliance, and enforcement decisions [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/ regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/factors-consider-regarding-benefit-risk-medical-device-product-availability-compliance-and. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  9. WHO guidance. Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health. 2020 [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240029200. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  10. Morozov SP, Zinchenko VV, Khoruzhaya AN, et al. Standardization of artificial intelligence in healthcare: Russia becomes the leader. Medical Doctor and Information Technology. 2021;(2):12–19. (In Russ). doi: 1025881/18110193_2021_2_12
  11. Liu X, Cruz Rivera S, Moher D, et al.; SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Working Group. Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension. Nat Med. 2020;26(9):1364–1374. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-1034-x
  12. Select Committee on artificial intelligence: a report. In: The national artificial intelligence research and development strategic plan: 2019 update [Electronic resource]. 2019. Available from: https://www.nitrd.gov/pubs/National-AI-RD-Strategy-2019.pdf. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  13. Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. Comparison of national strategies to promote artificial intelligence [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://www.kas.de/en/single-title/-/content/vergleich-nationaler-strategien-zur-forderung-von-kunstlicher-intellige-1. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  14. Artificial Intelligence Technology Strategy (Reportof Strategic Council for AI Technology). Strategic Council for AI Technology; 2017 [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://pdf4pro.com/view/artificial-intelligence-technology-strategy-nedo-6dc4e.html. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  15. National Research Foundation. AI Singapore [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://www.nrf.gov.sg/programmes/artificial-intelligence-r-d-programme. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  16. The International Trade Administration (ITA). Korea ― Artificial Intelligence [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://www.privacyshield.gov/article?id=Korea-Artificial-Intelligence. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  17. European Commission website. Shaping Europe’s digital future. Communication artificial intelligence for Europe [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/communication-artificial-intelligence-europe. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  18. Current state and near-term priorities for ai-enabled diagnostic support software in health care [Electronic resource]. Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy; 2019. Available from: https://healthpolicy.duke.edu/sites/default/files/2019-11/dukemargolisaienableddxss.pdf. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  19. European Commission website. Shaping Europe’s digital future. Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  20. Council of Europe and Artificial Intelligence [Electronic resource]. Available from: https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  21. United Nations Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization. SHS/BIO/AHEG-AI/2020/4 REV.2. The first draft of the recommendation on the ethical aspects of artificial intelligence [Electronic resource]. 2020. (In Russ). Available from: https://ifap.ru/ pr/2020/n201116a.pdf. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  22. European Commission website. USA-China-EU plans for AI: where do we stand? [Electronic resource]. 2018. Available from: https://ati.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-07/USA-China-EU%20plans%20for%20AI%20-%20where%20do%20we%20stand%20%28v5%29.pdf. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  23. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 642 dated 01.12.2016 "On the strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation". Available from: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41449. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  24. Global Artificial Intelligence Industry Whitepaper [Electronic resource]. Deloitte Technology, Media and Telecommunications Industry; 2019. Available from: https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/technology-media-and-telecommunications/articles/ global-ai-development-white-paper.html. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  25. Geis JR, Brady AP, Wu CC, et al. Ethics of artificial intelligence in radiology: summary of the Joint European and North American Multisociety Statement. Radiology. 2019;293(2):436–440. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2019191586
  26. Safdar NM, Banja JD, Meltzer CC. Ethical considerations in artificial intelligence. Eur J Radiol. 2020;122:108768. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108768
  27. Website of the President of Russia. List of assignments based on the results of the conference on artificial intelligence [Electronic resource]. (In Russ). Available from: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/assignments/orders/64859. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  28. The expert center of the electronic state. Actual tasks of international cooperation on the development and regulation of artificial intelligence [Electronic resource]. (In Russ). Available from: http://d-russia.ru/aktualnye-zadachi-mezhdunarodnogo-vzaimodejstviya-po-razvitiyu-i-regulirovaniyu-iskusstvennogo-intellekta.html. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  29. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2129-r of 19.08.2020. (In Russ). Available from: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202008260005?index=0&rangeSize=1 Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  30. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 490 dated 10.10.2019 "On the development of artificial intelligence in the Russian Federation". (In Russ). Available from: http://www.kremlin.ru/ acts/bank/44731. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  31. Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology. Order No. 1732 of July 25, 2019 "On the establishment of the technical Committee for Standardization "Artificial Intelligence". (In Russ). Available from: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/560916332. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  32. Technical Committee for Standardization "Artificial Intelligence" (TC164). Order No. 1 of 13.01.2020 "On determining the basic organization of the subcommittee "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare". (In Russ). Available from: https://tele-med.ai/media/uploads/2021/03/18/01_-2-2.pdf. Accessed: 11.07.2021.
  33. Morozov SP, Chernina VYu, Andreychenko AE, et al. How does artificial intelligence effect on the assessment of lung damage in COVID-19 on chest CT scan? Digital Diagnostics. 2020;2(1):27−38. (In Russ). doi: 10.17816/DD60040.

补充文件

附件文件
动作
1. JATS XML
2. 图制定和批准世界人工智能发展战略的时间表

下载 (465KB)

版权所有 © Sharova D.E., Zinchenko V.V., Akhmad E.S., Mokienko O.A., Vladzymyrskyy A.V., Morozov S.P., 2021

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名-非商业性使用-禁止演绎 4.0国际许可协议的许可。

##common.cookie##