双能量计算机断层扫描在诊断痛风和其他结晶性关节病中的作用：文献综述

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本文讨论了双能量计算机断层扫描的操作原理、其诊断准确性以及最常见的伪影类型。考虑了在双能量计算机断层扫描过程中，单钠尿酸盐沉积的存在对其他临床数据的可能依赖性，双能量计算机断层扫描在诊断痛风中的意义以及其在结晶性关节病的鉴别诊断中的作用。

与作为诊断痛风金标准的诊断性关节穿刺术相比，双能量计算机断层扫描有几个优点：无创性、执行速度、医源性并发症风险的多次减少。痛风的检测、治疗效果的监测、鉴别诊断的可能性，都是可以通过双能量计算机断层扫描来实现的。

作者简介

Maria V. Onoyko

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: onoykomary@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7727-3360
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Elena A. Mershina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: elena_mershina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1266-4926
SPIN 代码: 6897-9641

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Associate Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Olga A. Georginova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: olga.georginova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7542-8189
SPIN 代码: 8331-3656

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Maria L. Plotnikova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: maria_plotnikova@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7533-9867
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Alexandra V. Panyukova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: panyukovaalexandra@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5367-280X
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Valentin E. Sinitsyn

Lomonosov Moscow State University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: vsini@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5649-2193
SPIN 代码: 8449-6590

MD, PhD, Professor, Medical Research and Educational Center

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. 图1。一名被诊断为痛风患者的骨侵蚀（数据来自莫斯科国立大学医学教育研究中心的放射学检查）。

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3. 图2。三维重建、混合图像和彩色编码图像（右踝关节和足部小关节区域）：蓝色——皮质骨；粉色——松质骨；绿色——单尿酸钠晶体（数据来自莫斯科国立大学医学教育研究中心的双能量计算机断层扫描）。

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4. 图3。双能量计算机断层扫描过程中的伪影：a——由于患者定位不正确导致的数据丢失；b——甲床产生的伪影；c——婚戒产生的辐射硬度增加的伪影；d——多个小点伪影（数据来自莫斯科国立大学医学教育研究中心的双能量计算机断层扫描）。

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5. 图4。冠状和矢状投影的彩色编码双能量图像（左膝关节区域）。内侧半月板钙化（数据来自莫斯科国立大学医学教育研究中心的双能量计算机断层扫描）。

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