The etiquette of the Prophet Muhammad: a linguistic analysis

the article presents a linguistic analysis of the speech etiquette of Prophet Muhammad based on hadiths extracted from four authoritative collections: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawood, and Jami? at-Tirmidhi. The study examines key speech intentions, including greeting, addressing, conversation interruption, and expressions of gratitude. Particular attention is given to the structural and semantic characteristics of these speech acts, their pragmatic significance, and the sociolinguistic factors influencing their realization. Prophet Muhammad’s speech etiquette had a profound impact on secular aspects of life, shaping norms of communication and social interactions within society. His teachings emphasized the necessity of honesty in communication and justice in actions, laying the foundation for ethical standards in both personal and public life. His approach to conflict resolution through dialogue and compromise served as a model for future generations, fostering peaceful coexistence and cooperation. The study analyzes how the Prophet adapted his speech according to his interlocutors, considering their social status, age, and communicative context, ensuring a balance between respect, clarity, and effectiveness in communication. The application of linguistic, discourse, and comparative analysis methods has made it possible to identify distinctive features of the Prophet’s speech, including precision in formulation, moderation in expression, and the use of strategies to prevent conflicts. The findings indicate that Prophet Muhammad’s speech etiquette was based on profound communicative intuition and a nuanced understanding of interpersonal interactions. His communicative models remain relevant in contemporary contexts and can provide valuable insights for studying politeness mechanisms, diplomatic discourse formation, and intercultural communication development.

speech etiquette, Prophet Muhammad, linguistic analysis, hadiths, intercultural communication, politeness, Islamic culture, linguistic strategies