Investigation and comparison of technologies and methods of sulfur recovery and production processes

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Abstract

Sulfur is found at the land's surface, in quarries, and as a natural sulfur resource. However, most of the part sulfur is obtained during the sulfur removal processes from crude oil or gas. These recovery processes are essential for the global energy resource market. Approaches to sulfur mining and recovering techniques are discussed and compared during the literature review and description analysis. Methods that are majorly used in the industry, their process flow diagrams, and principal of work are explained and compared relative to the modern methods of sulfur removal processes.

About the authors

Sultan R. Kadyrov

KMG Engineering

Author for correspondence.
Email: s.kadyrov@niikmg.kz
Kazakhstan, Astana

References

  1. Sulfur Recovery, Chapter 16 Based on presentation by Prof. Art Kidnay: Colorado School of Mines, https://inside.mines.edu/~jjechura/GasProcessing/12_SulfurRecovery.pdf.
  2. Manufacturing process of Liquid sulfur, Valco Group, https://www.valcogroup-valves.com/faq-2/liquid-sulfur-manufacturing-process-of-liquid-sulfur/.
  3. AP-42, Chapter 8.13, Sulfur Recovery, https://www3.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/ch08/final/c08s13.pdf.
  4. Sulphur Production & Uses, Nuroil Trading Company, https://www.nuroil.com/sulphur-production-and-uses.aspx
  5. The AECOM CrystaSulf® Process Mid-Range H2S Removal and Sulfur Recovery, https://www.aecomprocesstechnologies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/AECOM-Process-Technologies-CrystaSulf-Process.pdf.
  6. CrystaSulf Process by CrystaTech, http://www.oilngasprocess.com/gas/crystasulf-process-by-crystatech.html.
  7. Selectox process, Big Chemical Encyclopedia, https://chempedia.info/info/selectox_process/.

Supplementary files

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2. Figure 1. Octasulfur, S8

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3. Figure 2. Sulfur mole fraction species and temperature dependence

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4. Figure 3. Claus sulfur removal unit process flow diagram

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5. Figure 4. Equilibrium of H2S conversion to sulfur

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6. Figure 5. Claus reaction step-by step process illustration

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7. Figure 6. Illustration of Frasch process

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8. Figure 7. Process flow diagram of Crystalsulf process

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9. Figure 8. Process flow diagram of two-stage Selectox process

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Copyright (c) 2023 Kadyrov S.R.

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