P-T paths of cooling and metamorphism under conditions of low-grade amphibolite facies in the xenoliths of granulites in the Siberian craton

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Abstract

The paper presents the results of detailed petrological studies of mafic granulites from the Yubileinaya and Novinka kimberlite pipes, where retrograde metamorphic P-T paths were reconstructed for the first time using mineral geothermobarometry. These P-T paths demonstrate subisobaric cooling of the rocks from the P-T conditions of lower granulite facies to lower amphibolite facies in the middle crust depth. It was found that compositions of garnet, clinopyroxene, and orthopyroxene depend on the contacting mineral, reflecting the different temperatures closure temperatures of the exchange mineral reactions. The higher temperatures are determined using a two-pyroxene geothermometer, while lower ones are determined using garnet-clinopyroxene and garnet-orthopyroxene geothermometers. Using phase equilibria modeling we obtained thermodynamic conditions corresponding to the lower amphibolite facies: 540 °C, 0.76 GPa, lgfO2 = QFM + 1.7 (Yubileinaya pipe); 530 °C, 0.72 GPa, lgfO2 = QFM + 2.2 (Novinka pipe). The stability of the granulite paragenesis garnet+clinopyroxene+orthopyroxene+plagioclase under such P-T conditions is poorly known phenomenon that mirror a deficit of aqueous fluid during the crystallization of gabbro melts and their subsequent cooling in deep areas of cratons.

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About the authors

V. M. Grigorieva

Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: dannaukiozemle@yandex.ru

Department of Petrology and Volcanology, Geological Faculty

Russian Federation, Moscow

A. L. Perchuk

Moscow State University; Korzhinskii Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: dannaukiozemle@yandex.ru

Department of Petrology and Volcanology, Geological Faculty

Russian Federation, Moscow; Chernogolovka

V. S. Shatsky

Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy

Email: dannaukiozemle@yandex.ru

academician

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

N. G. Zinovieva

Moscow State University

Email: dannaukiozemle@yandex.ru

Department of Petrology and Volcanology, Geological Faculty

Russian Federation, Moscow

References

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Petrographic and microstructural features of xenoliths of granulites: (a–b) – Jubilee tube (model YUB‑19-05); (g–e) – Novelty (model H‑19-44). a) scan of the surface of the plume; b) optical image of the section of the plume; c) decay lamellae in clinopyroxene in the image in backscattered (BSE) electrons; d) scan of the surface of the plume; e) garnet edges at the boundary of clinopyroxene and plagioclase in the image in backscattered electrons; f) decay lamellae in clinopyroxene, optical image.

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3. Fig. 2. a) compositions of clino-(Cpx) and orthopyroxenes (Opx) in a sample from the Yubileynaya tube (YUB‑19-05) on a fragment of the Di-Hd- En- Fs trapezoid; b) compositions of Cpx and Opx in sample H‑19-44 on a fragment of a trapezoid Di-Hd- En- Fs; c) the compositions of garnets (Grt) of samples YB‑19-05 and H‑19-44 on a fragment of the triple diagram Grs-Prp- Alm. The more magnesian compositions of Cpx correspond to the contact zones with Grt, the more ferruginous ones correspond to Opx; similar differences in the compositions of the edge parts of the grains, depending on the contacting mineral, are recorded for Opx and Grt.

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4. Fig. 3. Phase P-T and T-fO2 diagrams for granulites from Jubilee tubes (YUB‑19-05) and Novinka (H‑19-44) calculated using Perple_X. a) T-fO2 diagrams at 0.8 GPa for sample YB‑19-05; b) P-T diagram for sample YB‑19-05; c) T-fO2 diagrams at 0.75 GPa for sample H‑19-44; d) P-T diagram for sample H‑19-44. The blue color shows the field of rock paragenesis. The yellow star marks the intersection of the isoplanes corresponding to the composition of the minerals of the rock (indicated in the lower right corner of the PT diagrams). Effective compositions are indicated above the diagrams. Isoplets: XMg Grt = Mg/(Mg+Fetot); XCa Grt = Ca/(Ca+Mg+Fetot); XMg Cpx = Mg/(Mg+Fetot); Fe3+Cpx = Fe3+ (F. E.); XMg Opx = Mg/(Mg+Fetot); AlOpx = Al (F. E.); XCa Pl = Ca/(Ca+Na).

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5. Fig. 4. P-T conditions for the formation of granulites from Jubilee tubes (YUB‑19–05) (a) and Novinka (H‑19-44) (b) by methods of geothermobarometry and modeling of phase equilibria. Used Mineral Equilibria: Grt– Cpx- (red line), Grt–Opx- (green lines), Cpx–Opx- (blue lines) geothermometers and Grt–Opx- (light green line), Grt–Cpx–Pl–Q- (black lines) barometers for average compositions of marginal parts of minerals. The fields of the established P-T conditions are highlighted in green and yellow. Arrows are supposed P-T trends of metamorphism. K88 – Krogh (1988); E91 – Eckert, et al. (1991); W77 – Wells (1977); BM85 – Bertrand, Mercier (1985); H84 – Harley (1984); H84a – Harley (1984); LP90 – Lavrentieva, Perchuk (1990).

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