Mechanisms of low-temperature rehabilitation technologies. Natural and artificial hypothermia

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Abstract

The literature review covers an analysis of the typical protective and adaptive reaction mechanisms that develop in small rodents that spontaneously hibernate under the cold snap, together with warm-blooded animals and humans during circadian fall of the body temperature at night time and in a course of a slow-wave sleep, along with induced artificial therapeutic hypothermia.

The general features of neuroprotection states development in natural endogenous and induced hypothermia are highlighted, which include metabolic, epigenetic and biophysical reactions that ensure the formation of nonspecific tolerance of the brain to potentially damaging effects. Significant attention has been devoted to the participation of hibernation proteins, opioids and antioxidant systems in the processes of safe exit from state of torpor in animals and in implementation of sleep restoration functions. Taking into account the circadian nature formation of endogenous brain’s hypothermia at night and in the phases of slow sleep, it is suggested that periodic temperature exposure on the cerebral cortex can be applied in order to restore the disturbed circadian rhythms. From the standpoint of common mechanisms of endogenous and induced hypothermia, selective hypothermia of the cerebral cortex can be considered as a nature-like technology.

Based on the extensive experimental material indicating a significant neuroprotective potentials of low temperatures during hibernation, diurnal hypothermia as well as artificially induced hypothermia, it was stated that implementation of the technology for selective hypothermia of the cerebral cortex in order to prevent the negative consequences of cerebral catastrophes are a perspective trend.

About the authors

Oleg A. Shevelev

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: shevelev_o@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6204-1110
SPIN-code: 9845-2960

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 25/2 Petrovka street,107031 Moscow; 6, st. Miklukho-Maclay, Moscow

Marina V. Petrova

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: mpetrova@fnkcrr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4272-0957
SPIN-code: 9132-4190

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, 25/2 Petrovka street,107031 Moscow; 6, st. Miklukho-Maclay, Moscow

Elias M. Mengistu

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: drmengistu@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6928-2320
SPIN-code: 1387-7508
Russian Federation, 25/2 Petrovka street,107031 Moscow; 6, st. Miklukho-Maclay, Moscow

Vladislav A. Yakimenko

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: Yavladislav87@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2308-6313
SPIN-code: 3572-7563
Russian Federation, Moscow

Darina N. Menzhurenkova

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: pechenki2013@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-7997-0079
Russian Federation, Moscow

Irina N. Kolbaskina

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology

Email: kolbaskinairinka@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-2804-8952
Russian Federation, 25/2 Petrovka street,107031 Moscow

Maria A. Zhdanova

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology

Email: mchubarova@fnkcrr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6550-4777
SPIN-code: 4514-3020
Russian Federation, 25/2 Petrovka street,107031 Moscow

Nadezhda A. Khodorovich

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: khodorovich_na@rudn.university
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1289-4545
SPIN-code: 6237-9153

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ekaterina O. Sheveleva

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: sheveleva_eo@rudn.university
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7024-8875
SPIN-code: 2593-2995

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

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