The balance of privacy and public interest in the legal systems of the USA, the EU and Russia

in the modern information society, characterized by an unprecedented volume of collection, processing and dissemination of personal data, the question of the balance between the right to privacy and the public interest is becoming particularly relevant. The legal systems of different states have different approaches to solving this dilemma, forming unique mechanisms for protecting personal data and at the same time ensuring the realization of socially significant goals. This study is aimed at a comparative analysis of approaches to determining and maintaining a balance between the right to privacy and the public interest in the legal systems of the United States, the European Union and the Russian Federation, identifying common trends and specific features. The article analyzes the constitutional foundations of the right to privacy and the principles of restricting this right in order to ensure public interest in the United States, the EU and Russia. The differences in understanding of the content of the right to privacy, the scope and grounds for its restriction are revealed. The legal framework for the collection, processing and dissemination of personal data in the context of law enforcement, national security, public health, freedom of speech and the media is considered in detail. The article analyzes judicial precedents that had a significant impact on the formation of law enforcement practice in this area.

privacy, public interest, personal data, the USA, the European Union, Russia, comparative law, personal data protection, law enforcement, national security