Theoretical foundations of the development of information technologies in the electoral process of Russia. History and practice

the advancement of information technologies (IT) has a profound impact on electoral processes, significantly transforming voting mechanisms, election administration, and oversight. Amid the rapid digitalization of Russian society, the study of the theoretical foundations of IT implementation in the electoral process has become particularly relevant. At the same time, a contradiction arises between the aspiration to enhance transparency and accessibility through digital tools and the associated risks related to cybersecurity, data manipulation, and legal regulation. This article aims to identify the patterns and problematic aspects of using information technologies in Russia’s electoral sphere, considering theoretical, practical, and historical perspectives. The analysis examines key areas of digital transformation, including vote counting automation, remote electronic voting, monitoring systems, and public oversight. The findings highlight the ambiguous impact of digital solutions on the electoral process: while they contribute to faster data processing and broader voter participation, they also introduce risks of fraud, inadequate data protection, and the absence of independent audits. The author's contribution lies in formulating a vision for the future development of digital electoral technologies and outlining key challenges that require further research. The presented materials will be useful for election law specialists, government officials, political scientists, and developers working on the enhancement of electoral systems.

automation, cybersecurity, digitalization, elections, electoral process, information technologies, monitoring, remote voting, verification