Closed-loop economics: an analysis of barriers to implementation

introduction: the introduction of a closed-loop economy is an important environmental agenda for many countries around the world. An analysis of existing advanced national strategies for implementing the principles of circular economy shows that there are many barriers at the national and sectoral levels. The purpose of the article is to analyze the barriers to the introduction of a closed-loop economy. Materials and methods. The reliability and validity of the data obtained is ensured by the theoretical analysis of scientific literature, the analysis of foreign experience and scientific literature. Results. It has been established that among the barriers to constraining a closed-loop economy, external causes are predominant, which can be regulated by the state. Removing barriers should be part of government and business strategies: the former can eliminate them, while the latter can define them. Discussion. Based on the theoretical analysis of scientific literature, the main classifications of barriers to the introduction of a closed-loop economy were systematized: political, legal, administrative, economic, social, technological, etc. Conclusions. Overcoming existing barriers requires an integrated approach that takes into account all aspects of the closed-loop economy. Focusing on waste disposal is not enough.

barrier, technological barrier, scale effect, rebound effect, rut effect, value chain, circular economy