Volume 52, Nº 3 (2024)

Relevance. In relation to social challenges, the higher school is faced with the task of updating the activities of organizing and managing the educational work of a modern student, which will contribute to the further formation of his comprehensively developed personality. Currently, the state has concretized the general guidelines for the education of the younger generation, and each university and the subjects of the educational process develop the content and pedagogical techniques of this work independently. In order to avoid a formal attitude, it is proposed to apply a socio-structural analysis at the stage of planning and implementing educational activities, which allows taking into account the social and personal traits of students, as well as to streamlineeducational work.

Aim. To analyze educational work with students taking into account their social and personal characteristics.

Methods. The concept of Y. Schwantzara on the influence of the main factors on personality development; methodology for assessing personal growth, studying the socialization of personality; structural analysis aimed at studying the elements of educational work; integrated approach that helps to identify the subjects of the educational space, the selection of appropriate educational and pedagogical forms, methods, techniques and aspects of their activities.

Results. The authors have revealed the characteristic features and attitudes of student youth to aspects of the social environment, analyzed educational work regarding its content and organizational content, which allows using the methodology of project management.

Conclusions. Social changes taking place in society affect the life picture and value orientations of young people. When planning and organi-zing educational work, it is necessary to take into account this fact so that the process of education is dynamic in order to avoid stagnation.

Relevance. Historical experience shows that the problem of resocialization of combatants has a significant impact on social security and sustainability of social development in post-war times. In relation to the events caused by geopolitical instability and the military operations, this topic is once again becoming relevant for modern Russian society, since not only the health and well-being of military personnel who took direct part in hostilities, but also the most important indicators will largely depend on the effectiveness of the resocialization processes of socio-economic development of the country as a whole. Research problem. Due to a significant increase in the number of combatants over the past three years, there is a need to develop a comprehensive social program to assist in social adaptation and resocialization of this category of people. Currently, the legal standards established at the federal and regional levels do not take these practices into account, and therefore their effectiveness is significantly reduced. Taking this circumstance into account, there is a need to introduce additional measures to restore and diversify the social capital of combatants, which includes three basic segments: social connections, values and norms.

Aim. To develop measures to support combatants using the structural components of social capital, aimed at increasing the efficiency of the resocialization.

Methods. Analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization and systematization and analogy.

Results. The authors have revealed that the resocialization effectiveness is largely determined by the degree of involvement of basic segments of social capital in the process; proved the feasibility of introducing measures of additional support for military personnel using primary (family and small group level) and secondary (work collectives, public organizations, society) social capital; developed additional support measures aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the resocialization of combatants; established that the social capital of military personnel in the case of ineffective resocialization can take on negative, destructive forms of manifestation; substantiated the need to differentiate resocialization of combatants into three basic stages and to introduce management practices at each of them to increase the efficiency of the implementation of this process. Conclusions. The currently developed set of measures to support participants in a special military operation contains many areas that affect virtually all areas of life, but nevertheless, a significant omission remains that they are primarily of a normative nature, without fully taking into account the socio-psychological problems that military personnel face upon returning to civilian life. To increase the effectiveness of the measures taken, it is necessary to reorient from a normative approach to a process approach, which allows us to look at the resocialization of military personnel as a series of stages, at each of which appropriate types of assistance should be introduced in the selection and development of target guidelines. In addition, special attention should be paid to measures to restore previously deflected patterns of behavior based on lost values, norms and social relations – the basic segments of social capital.

The technological level and human capital are key factors of economic development. The development of human capital and improving the quality of life of the population are the primary tasks for socio-economic transformations in the country for the next 7–10 years. Taken into account the significant technological changes within the 6th K-wave (Kondratieff wave), and the prospects for the development of MANBRIC technologies, disclosed in this article, it can be argued that the relevance of human capital will only increase.

Aim. To consider the impact of a new technological way on structural changes in human capital in the theory of Kondratieff waves and to identify potential consequences for the development of society.

Methods. Method of analysis to understand the aspects and limitations of the theory of technological structures, since it is used by many researchers to explain the causes of long-wave dynamics; methods of typification and classification of technological challenges. The systematization method made it possible to structure and describe the qualitative characteristics of Kondratieff waves and correlate them with the stages of development of society. The synthesis method was used to describe the consequences of global social changes on the structural components of human capital and the development of society.

Results. The article examines the processes of formation and use of human capital in the context of changes in global economic and technological structures. The authors described the components of human capital, identified global technological challenges, correlated global technological challenges with the periodization of Kondratieff waves, analyzed and systematized the factors effecting the structural components of human capital within the 6th Kondratieff wave. The described changes and assessment of potential consequences are for the emerging state technological and socio-economic policies.

Since its inception, the concept of sustainable development has aimed at preserving the environment during an increase in material welfare, though its implementation in socio-economic systems of different levels has remained limited. Our hypothesis is that following the principle of responsibility in adopting the values of sustainable development underlies the economic well-being of such systems.

Aim. To justify the concept of responsible development as a platform for the economic well-being of a municipality and confirm its measurability.

Methods. Generalization, systematization, and deduction. Their use made it possible to project the ethics of responsibility as the value basis of sustainable development onto the concept of municipality economic well-being. The analysis of municipal statistics, which have the potential to measure economic well-being as a result of responsible development, was performed using materials of Municipal Indicators Database by Russian Federal State Statistics Service. The root cause of the crisis in the relationship between society and nature is a crisis of mentality, which justifies the need to switch to the use the term “responsible development”. This is the development based on deliberate adherence to values, priorities of sustainable development and the application of the principle of responsibility in decision-making. The latter implies reliance on scientific knowledge, clear self-identification of an actor, taking into account the surrounding culture and values; an active, free and intentional actors aware of themselves as part of a whole, considering the interests of other actors; distribution of responsibility; attention to the consequences, to a favourable long-term outcome. The analysis of municipal statistics allowed compiling three groups of indicators: 1) related to reproduction (indicators of depreciation of fixed assets, diversification of the municipal economy and characterizing the economically active population); 2) related to meeting the needs of the municipal economy (indicators of financial independence, infrastructural development, civic engagement); 3) characterizing the conservation of natural resources. The results confirm the measurabi-lity of the economic well-being of a municipality as a result of responsible development, and can also serve as a guide in managing the development of municipal statistics.

Relevance. Consumer practices, being an integral attribute of the functioning and development of society, require constant scientific monitoring and study, since the structural and functional transformation of consumption serves as an indicator of macro and microsocial changes. Consequently, it is important to understand whether "classical" consumerism has lost its relevance and whether it has been replaced by prosumerism, indicating fundamental changes in the modern social system. In this regard, the question of integration and scaling, especially of non-digital consumerism, requires a more cautious and balanced approach in the context of the dominance of consumer capitalism, with its clear division between producers and consumers.

Aim. To critically analyse E. Toffler's prediction of the coming of the era of the prosumer society (the Third Wave) to assess whether the transition from "classical" consumerism to prosumerism, the most important feature of which is the institutional diffusion of production and consumption, has taken place.

Methods. Theoretical and critical analysis, descriptive method, comparative method, generalisation and synthesis.

Results. It is shown that the practice of self-service as an orthodox property of prosumerism, indicating "consumer autonomy", today has an ambi-guous and uneven manifestation. Despite the fact that there is an increased interest of consumers in self-service in one, the consumer demand for services continues to increase in another, indicating "consumer non-self-sufficiency". Its macro-marker is the dynamic development of the service economy. The practice of "producing for oneself" is not capable of fully realised and function at the macro-social level in societal systems. Proof is provided of the conceptual ‘instability’ of Toffler's idea, according to which there is ‘real’ production in Sector A, because in this sector it is possible to ‘produce’ only consumer value (or, more precisely, utility for oneself), but not goods and services. Technical and social differentiation of labour activity demonstrates the stability of structural and functional delimitation of the institution of production and consumption, despite the more active position of the consumer, influencing production, for example, due to mass customization. The peculiarity of modern customization is highlighted. It consists in the fact that producers, on the basis of consumer preferences, continue to form a fairly wide list of templates, standardized sets, from which consumers create different configurations and combinations. On the one side, it makes consumption more diverse, on the other side, this ‘diversity’ is controlled by producers and marketers, which is still a sign of traditional or classical consumerism.

Conclusions. Despite the fact that prosumerism is a dynamically developing institution, it is premature to assert that the era of prosumerism has arrived in a society, in which consumer capitalism with its structural and functional differentiation into producers and consumers continues to dominate and develop.

Relevance. Relevance of the problem of socio-cultural identity in the Internet space is associated with globalization and digitalization, which erase cultural boundaries and contribute to cultural homogenization. New forms of social interaction that the Internet opens up force us to reconsider the meaning of such a concept as identity. On the Internet, a common space is a direct result of synergy and interconnectedness. One of the most important factors in the development of collective identity is, and has always been, communication. Interest in this problem is due to the influence of the media space on a person and his socio-cultural identity.

Aim. To analyze the influence of the ideology of cosmopolitanism in the virtual space on the identity and lifestyle of people.

Results. It is proven that the Internet erases geographical and cultural boundaries, which leads to the formation of identities that combine elements of different cultures, creating new forms of cultural experience. Conclusions. The difference between real and virtual identity is becoming more noticeable. People can lead completely different lives online and offline, which can create conflicts or, conversely, provide a more complete expression of their identity. The Internet not only provides new opportunities for self-expression and cultural exchange, but also poses new challenges for users in terms of understanding and maintaining their identity in the context of an ever-changing digital landscape.

The effects of staff shortage on the economy include wage growth, improved productivity, inflation control, and development of new markets. The positive and negative aspects of this phenomenon are analyzed, taking into account its impact on macroeconomic stability and prospects for economic growth.

Aim. To study the causes and consequences of staff shortage for indicators such as inflation and GDP. Based on the data obtained, predict the value of some macroeconomic indicators by 2024.

Methods. Comparative and retrospective analysis of statistical data with the identification of certain patterns, compilation of a modified Philips equation for forecasting macroeconomic indicators.

Results. The authors have collected and evaluated statistical data on the unemployment rate, found out the causes and average rate of change in inflation before and after quarantine measures.