The Ural Part of the Biographyof Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov, an Outstanding Nuclear Scientist
- Autores: Kuznetsov V.1
-
Afiliações:
- Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Edição: Volume 5, Nº 1 (2023)
- Páginas: 86-91
- Seção: HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2658-4654/article/view/257422
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.33693/2658-4654-2023-5-1-86-91
- ID: 257422
Citar
Resumo
The name of the outstanding Soviet physicist, Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov, is known not only in Russia, but also far beyond its borders. Knowledge about him is mainly related to his scientific leadership of the domestic nuclear project. He is one of the nine thrice Heroes of Socialist Labor of the Soviet Union. However, few people know that his main practical results of scientific developments were translated into real industrial production on the Ural land. In addition, his childhood years are connected with the Southern Urals, as well as the years of scientific leadership of the firstborn of the nuclear industry in the Urals — plant No. 817, now the Mayak Production Association. The presented scientific article is prepared for the 120th anniversary of the birth of an outstanding Soviet nuclear scientist, who was the head of the implementation of the uranium problem in the Soviet Union. He was one of the first in the world to identify the possibility of releasing energy of colossal power as a result of fission of the atomic nucleus and implemented them in the creation of the first domestic nuclear weapons, and then participated in the development of technologies for the use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes. I.V.Kurchatov scientific work in the Urals is reflected fragmentally in the published literature. This statement requires more detailed research, systematization and coverage in a scientific publication.
Palavras-chave
Texto integral
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##Sobre autores
Viktor Kuznetsov
Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: jurist-istor@mail.ru
Cand. Sci. (Hist.), senior researcher
Rússia, YekaterinburgBibliografia
- Brokhovich B.V. Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov in the Southern Urals — in Chelyabinsk-40: Memoirs of veterans. [B. M.], 1993. 33 p.
- Vodolaga B.K., Voloshin N.P., Kuznetsov V.N. At the head of the science of the nuclear center in the Urals. Yekaterinburg: Bank of Cultural Information, 2020. 568 p.
- Kuznetsova R.V., Chulkov P.M. Memories of Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov. Moscow: Nauka Publishing House 1988. 496 p
- Kuznetsova R.V. Historiographical review of sources and literature published on the topic «Academician Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (1903–1960)». Moscow: SIC Kurchatov Institute, 2014. 99 p.
- Kuznetsova R.V. I.V. Kurchatov — scientific supervisor of work on demagnetization of ships in the Black, Caspian and Northern Seas (1941, 1943) // History of Science and Technology No. 3, Special Issue No. 1, 2010.
- Kuznetsova R.V. From the history of the unknown work of I.V.Kurchatov on the creation of armor shielded by a lattice barrier in 1942. // History of Science and Technology No. 12, Special Issue No. 4, 2009.
- Kuznetsov V.N. Nuclear weapons complex of the Urals: creation and development. Yekaterinburg: Bank of Cultural Information, 2021. 536 p.
- Ryabev L.D. Atomic project of the USSR: Documents and materials: In 3 t. The atomic bomb. 1945–1954. Book 2. Sarov: RFNC-VNIIEF; M.: FIZMATLIT, 2010. 712 p.
- Khariton Yu.B., Smirnov Yu.N. Myths and reality of the Soviet atomic project., Arzamas-16, 1994. 72 p.