State Optical Institute and optical-mechanical industry during the Great Patriotic War as our industrial heritage

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the industrial heritage of the Optical and Mechanical industry and the State Optical Institute during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. This context reveals new visions of the historical process. The industrial legacy of individual industry institutions is a relevant research topic. Using the example of the activities of the State Optical Institute (GOI), we will try to analyze the options for adapting scientific theories to solve specific problems of the optical and mechanical industry (OMP) during the war years and optical and mechanical devices created at that time. Conclusions. The system of scientific and industrial relations created at that time made it possible to provide the Soviet army with modern optical devices and laid the foundation for post-war development.

About the authors

Nikolay M. Arsentyev

Scientific journal «Economic History», «Humanities: actual problems of humanitarian science and education»

Author for correspondence.
Email: director_isi@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4565-1360
SPIN-code: 4176-6642

Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Editor-in-Chief

Russian Federation, Saransk

Anatoly V. Sludnyh

JSC «OUMZ Production Association named after E.S. Yalamov»

Email: sludnichav1982@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6045-5862

Cand. Sci. (Hist.), General Director

Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg

Ekaterina A. Averianova

Ogarev Mordovian State University

Email: averyanova-morm@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2660-8295

Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Senior Lecturer, Department of Russian History

Russian Federation, Saransk

References

  1. Atlas of the Industrial Heritage of Greater Yekaterinburg / E.V. Alekseeva, T.Yu. Bystrova, V.V. Litovsky, S.A. Patrushev. Yekaterinburg: Tatlin, 2024. 2024. 400 p. with ill.
  2. Belozerov A.F. Optics of Russia. Essays on History and Development: in 2 volumes / A.F. Belozerov. Kazan: Center for Innovation Technologies. 2012. Vol. 1. 604 p.
  3. Bystrova I.V. The Soviet Military-Industrial Complex: Problems of Formation and Development (1930s–1980s) / I. V. Bystrova / Russian Academy of Sciences. Institute of Russian History. Moscow: [IRI RAS], 2006. 704 p.
  4. Galyamicheva E.V. Optical enterprises of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War. Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. 2008. Issue 1, series 2. Pp. 107–111. (in Rus.).
  5. Zabelina I.A., Shvetsov S.E. Optics and opticians during the war // Science and Technology: Questions of History and Theory. St. Petersburg, 2015. Pp. 332–335.
  6. Zapariy V.V. Industrial heritage of Russia and the Urals in the context of world cultural heritage. Selected works. Ekaterinburg: AMB Publishing House. 2025. 520 p.
  7. Zapariy Vas.V. Results of the development of enterprises of the Soviet optical-mechanical industry by the beginning of the second five-year plan. History and Modern Perspectives. 2023. Vol. 5, No. 3. Pp. 74–80. doi: 10.33693/2658-4654-2023-5-3-74-80. (in Rus.).
  8. Ivanova R.N. State Optical Institute during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. Optical Bulletin. 2005. No. 113. Pp. 3–14. (in Rus.).
  9. Ilyin Yu.V. People's Commissariats of the Defense Industry during the Great Patriotic War. Bulletin of MGIMO-University. 2015. No. 2 (41). Pp. 26–36. (in Rus.).
  10. lyushchenko R. Domestic night vision devices. New defense order. 2015. No. 5 (37). P. 56–60. (in Rus.).
  11. Koshkina O.A., Sergeeva A.N. GOI in the evacuation of 1941–1945. Based on documents of the State Archives of the Republic of Mari El. Bulletin of the Archives. 2022. No. 2. P. 396–407. (in Rus.).
  12. Krechetova I.V., Tselishcheva L.V. From the history of domestic science. Scientific activities of the State Optical Institute during the war years (Yoshkar-Ola period): from the history of physics. Philosophy of Science and Technology. 2022. Vol. 27, No. 1. P. 149–162. (in Rus.).
  13. Miroshnikov M.M. The State Optical Institute and its Scientific School. Optical Journal. 2008. Vol. 75, No. 11. Pp. 3–14. (in Rus.).
  14. Simonov N.S. The USSR Military-Industrial Complex in the 1920s–1950s: Economic Growth Rates, Structure, Organization of Production, and Management. Moscow, 1996, Pp. 160–162.
  15. Sludnykh A.V. Optics in the War-Scorched Years. Pages from the History of the Ural Optical-Mechanical Plant / A. V. Sludnykh; edited by Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences N. M. Arsenyev. Saransk: Publishing Center of the Institute, 2020. 328 p.
  16. Sludnykh A.V. Optics in the History of Russian Industrialization in the Mid-19th — Early 20th Centuries. Pages from the History of the Ural Optical-Mechanical Plant / A. V. Sludnykh; edited by Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences N. M. Arsenyev. Saransk: InStItut Publishing Center, 2021. 192 p.
  17. Startsev V.V., Naumov A.V. Sea Waves and Infrared Waves: 90 Years since the Beginning of IR Thermal Imaging Developments in Russia. History of Science and Technology. 2017. No. 8 (68). Pp. 74–77.
  18. Tsarevsky E.N. Optics in the Great Patriotic War. Optical Bulletin. 2005. No. 113. Pp. 2–11. (in Rus.).
  19. Tsymbal. A.K. Tested by War. Soviet optical-mechanical industry 1941–1945. Science and Technology. 2019. No. 3. Part 1. Pp. 52–58. (in Rus.).

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Согласие на обработку персональных данных

 

Используя сайт https://journals.rcsi.science, я (далее – «Пользователь» или «Субъект персональных данных») даю согласие на обработку персональных данных на этом сайте (текст Согласия) и на обработку персональных данных с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика» (текст Согласия).