The development of preschool education in the Republic of Tatarstan in the 20-30s of the XX century in the context of the historical experience of the formation of social institutions in Russia

Background. Today, more than ever, the research of factors that ensure the stability and unity of Russian society is in demand. Such factors include social institutions.

They provide ordering, formalization and standardization of social relations in society. Their purpose is to satisfy the most important vital needs of the population. Education belongs to the fundamental social institutions and realizes the need of society, which is expressed in the transfer of scientific knowledge, spiritual and moral values, productive practical experience by previous generations to subsequent ones, thus ensuring stability and further progressive development of society. In this regard, the process of formation and development of the social institution of preschool education in Russia is of interest. The study is carried out on the material of the Republic of Tatarstan, which is a subject of the Russian Federation. The considered period -20-30 years. XX century.

Purpose – to consider the process of institutionalization of preschool education in Russia on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan as a subject of the Russian Federation in the period 1917-1940.

Materials and methods. As a methodological basis, the study uses the institutional approach, which allowed us to consider preschool education in the context of historical dynamics of the emerging social institution, to identify the essential characteristics of processes and phenomena of society, to determine the mechanisms of management of these processes and to determine its contribution to the strengthening and preservation of society in the period under consideration. The article is based on a set of sources represented by primary sources, as well as scientific research from the field of sociology, history, pedagogy.

Results. According to the results of the study, it can be stated that the social institution of preschool education created and functioning in Russia in the 20-30s. The social institution of preschool education created and functioning in Russia in the 20-30s of the XX century made its positive contribution to the solution of political, socio-economic and pedagogical problems, thus ensuring the evolutionary development of the state, integration and preservation of the Soviet society.