Criminalistic aspects of combating the main types of cybercrime

Cybercrime is a dominant threat characterized by growth, increasing sophistication, and diversification. The purpose of the study is to analyze the criminalistic aspects of countering it. Based on the analysis of statistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and scientific publications, it has been established that effective investigation requires the development of digital forensics. The key elements are working with digital footprints, using specialized software, artificial intelligence, blockchain, as well as specialized training. A table has been developed that systematizes investigative methods for such types of crimes as financial fraud and cyber extortion. The results confirm that successful counteraction is possible only with the integration of traditional forensic approaches with modern digital technologies and competencies.