Sociocultural Risks of Migration: Experience and Perception in the Host Community (using the Republic of Adygea as an Example)

The article is devoted to the study of the processes of socio-cultural risks of migration in the Republic of Adygea. With the increase in migration flows, the intercultural interaction of migrants and the host society acquires additional risks if this society is multicultural and multiethnic, which most Russian regions belong to. The most important tasks facing the current multicultural society are the formation of interethnic tolerance, the realization of its communicative potential and thereby overcoming negative trends in the field of interethnic relations. Due to the growing ethnic and cultural diversity caused by the intensifying migration processes, a scientific rethinking of traditional integration models and the development of new integration strategies for migrants is required. The author considers the multicultural space as a system that captures dynamic interactions and mutual influences, the level of integrativity, intercultural dialogue, the emergence of new forms of identity, values and social practices. Multicultural space in relation to Russian regions is proposed to be understood as the space of a region, which is characterized as a space filled with different ethnic and religious traditions, ethnocultural objects and events, people belonging to different ethnic groups and religions, as well as practices of intercultural and interfaith interaction. Based on a combined methodology (questionnaires, in-depth and expert interviews, content analysis of documents), key trends have been identified in the Republic of Adygea: the predominance of long-term migration strategies (72%), the high educational level of migrants (68%) with a low conversion of their qualifications (83%), as well as the ambivalent attitude of the host community (57% positive ratings with 62% of economic concerns). The results showed that the success of integration depends on the level of trust and support programs at the regional level. The practical significance of the work is determined by the development of a three-level system of recommendations for optimizing migration policy in a multicultural region.