Zines as a dominant form of alternative book publishing in the first decades of the XXI century in Siberia

The object of the study is the Siberian zines of the 2000s - early 2020s, the subject is their genesis and evolution in the context of general trends characteristic of alternative book publishing. The purpose of the work is to identify and clarify the factors of the formation and development of zine culture in Siberia, to conduct a preliminary classification of zines according to formal and functional characteristics. The article aims to present a wide range of little-known sources, compare them, trace the features of the genre characteristic of various historical periods, and indicate the continuity of the tradition of uncensored printing, starting from the subcultural samizdat of the Soviet era. Using the comparative historical method, various stages of the formation of the Zine phenomenon were analyzed in comparison with real historical conditions. Source-based and statistical methods, as well as the method of content analysis, were used to classify the array of publications into separate categories and formulate generalizations about their thematic spectrum. The paper identifies two main sources of origin of Russian zines in the 21st century: Western zines and subcultural (musical) samizdat of the 1980s. The evolution of alternative book publishing from the 1980s to the 2000s is traced. An attempt is made to classify, within the framework of which literary, musical, artistic, local history zines and personal zines are highlighted. Functionally, creative, informational, educational, research publications, as well as a wide range of reflective publications stand out among the azines. For the first time, a large range of sources is introduced into scientific circulation, and a representative cross-section of the Siberian zine culture is given (Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Barnaul, Irkutsk, Norilsk). The data presented in the article can serve for further research of zine culture and alternative book publishing in general.

samizdat, zine, alternative book publishing, unofficial culture, underground, counterculture, subculture, DIY, comics, artist's book