The role of Serbia's allies on the path to independence (1870s – 1880s)

In this article, the author examines the national liberation struggle of Serbia within the framework of the Eastern Question, as well as the role of the European powers and the Russian Empire in these events. Not only military conflicts are analyzed, but also diplomatic relations between the parties. The subject of the study is the national liberation struggle of Serbia in the 1870s–1880s. The object of the study is the role of Serbia's allies (Montenegro, the Russian Empire, the Austro–Hungarian Empire) in the resistance of the Serbs to the Ottoman Empire. Special attention is paid to the role of Serbia and other Christian peoples of the Balkan Peninsula in the Herzegovina uprising; Russian-Serbian relations during the military conflicts of 1876–1878; to consider the influence of Austria-Hungary on political and economic life. The article uses general research methods – analysis, synthesis, concretization, as well as special historical research methods – narrative, historical-genetic, chronological. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the formulation of a scientific problem; by the involvement of publications (including in a foreign language) published over the past 5 years; by the involvement of historical sources that have not been translated into Russian. After the research, the author came to the following conclusions: the national liberation movement of Serbia was closely linked to its foreign policy course, and in its struggle it relied on Montenegro, the Russian Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire; significant support in this struggle (not only financial, but also military) was provided by the Russian Empire, however, after the Berlin However, relations between states are deteriorating; the Austro-Hungarian Empire has a significant impact on the internal and external political course, as well as economic development. The choice of an ally later led the country to a crisis.

Milan I of Serbia, Jovan Ristić, Herzegovina uprising, Eastern question, first Serbian–Ottoman War, russo-turkish war, Congress of Berlin, Austro-Serbian Alliance, Treaty of San Stefano, Treaty of Constantinople