Controversial aspects of child care and supervision in the legal structure of the constitutional right to preschool education

The article examines the little-studied topic of the content of the right to preschool education in the Russian Federation. To determine the content of this right, the author examines in detail and uses two methodological approaches in the study of the general right to education, which are then used to determine the legal nature of the right to preschool education: as a process and as a specific result of the activity of the subject entitled to the right to education. The necessity of including into the existing legal structure the right to preschool education (training and upbringing of persons from birth to entry into school) supervision and care, which is not legally related to the state’s function of providing accessible and free education, but is a civil legal service that is financially burdensome for parents (legal representatives). The main conclusion of the study is the need to include in the existing legal structure the right to preschool education (training and upbringing of persons from birth to entry into school), supervision and care, which legally do not relate to the state’s function of providing accessible and free education, but are civil law a service that financially burdens parents (legal representatives). Since the legislative division of preschool education into education according to the relevant educational program (assumed at the expense of budgetary funds in pursuance of the constitutional principle of free education), and separately – supervision and care (assumed at the expense of parents (legal representatives) on the basis of a civil contract) leads to lack of universal financial support standards. Thus, the constitutional right to preschool education has four components in its content: training, education, supervision and care, which are in inextricable unity. The absence of at least one of the components destroys the structure of the legal construct “preschool education”.

preschool education, education, supervision and care, constitutional rights, children's rights, right to education, preschool education programs, Federal State Educational Standard, educational relations, service