Relation between fertilizer application and grain yield in farms of different categories in Anninsky municipal district of Voronezh region

Modern agriculture faces numerous challenges related to the need to enhance productivity and ensure the sustainability of agro-systems. One of the critical factors influencing crop yields is the correct and efficient use of fertilizers, which are aimed at improving soil nutrient balance—particularly nitrogen compounds—and optimizing conditions for healthy plant growth. In the specific context of the Anninsky municipal district in the Voronezh region, where grain crops constitute a significant portion of cultivated land, it became essential to investigate how different approaches to fertilizer application impact overall crop yields and productivity levels. Based on comprehensive data analysis concerning mineral fertilizer application rates and the resulting dynamics of grain yields, a comparative study was conducted. This study revealed notable differences in the correlation between fertilizer application rates and crop yields depending on the category of farms. Specifically, there was a strong, statistically significant correlation observed in large-scale agricultural organizations, which underscores the importance of science-based management practices, precise fertilization strategies, and modern agronomic techniques. Conversely, in household farms, the correlation was weak or nonexistent, highlighting a gap in knowledge and implementation of effective fertilizer use. This disparity indicates a pressing need for targeted educational interventions and support systems aimed at small farmers and private landholders to help optimize fertilizer application, improve crop yields, and promote more sustainable farming practices. To address these issues, it is recommended to develop and implement specialized training programs tailored for small-scale farmers and individual private farms. These programs should focus on educating farmers about proper fertilizer application methods, the benefits of adopting modern agronomic approaches, and the importance of scientific management in agriculture. Such initiatives are expected to lead to increased regional crop yields, which will contribute positively to local food security and economic stability. Furthermore, promoting scientifically informed practices will support the creation of a more sustainable agro-economy within the Voronezh region, aligning agricultural productivity with environmental conservation goals. Continued research, monitoring, and dissemination of best practices are essential to ensure long-term improvements in agricultural efficiency, sustainability, and resilience against various environmental challenges.

mineral fertilizers, yield, cereal crops, regional characteristics, agricultural technologies, correlation analysis, categories of farms, agroecological systems, agricultural productivity, soil condition monitoring