Study of unsaturated fatty acids profile in male individuals with obesity, including abdominal obesity, from Novosibirsk region

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Abstract

Effects of fatty acids (FA) and mechanisms of changing their profile in human body due to obesity are still remaining understudied and are actively being researched.

The aim: to evaluate plasma unsaturated fatty acid levels in male individuals aged 35–74 years with obesity, including abdominal obesity, in Novosibirsk region, and also to assess the association between FA level and the presence of obesity.

Material and methods. 300 male individuals from rural areas of Novosibirsk region (mean age 56.4 ± 11.5 years) were included into monocentric observational cross-sectional study. Participants with a BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m² were considered having overweight, a BMI of 30.0–34.9 kg/m² was considered as a class 1 obesity, BMI of 35.0–39.9 kg/m² was considered as a class 2 obesity, and a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m² was considered as a class 3 obesity. Waist circumference > 94 cm was diagnosed as abdominal obesity. Using gas chromatography with mass-selective detection in blood plasma, the following unsaturated FA were measured: omega-3 alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic; omega-6 linoleic, gamma-linolenic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, arachidonic, docosatetraenoic, and docosapentaenoic; omega-9 hexadecenoic, oleic, mead, and selacholic.

Results. Mead FA levels were higher in males with abdominal obesity comparatively to those without this condition. Furthermore, the levels of this FA were statistically significantly different between males with BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m² and those with normal BMI. Individuals with stage 3 obesity had higher levels of docosahexaenoic and docosapentaenoic acid comparatively to participants with normal BMI (p = 0.023 and p = 0.020, respectively). The probability of obesity was directly associated with increased levels of docosahexaenoic and mead FA, while abdominal obesity was associated with increased mead FA levels (odds ratio 1.054; 95% confidence interval: 1.008–1.101, p = 0.020).

Conclusion. Elevated mead FA level may serve as an additional informative biomarker indicating a high risk of obesity in male individuals.

About the authors

Victoria S. Shramko

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: elekastanova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0436-2549
SPIN-code: 7626-9238
Scopus Author ID: 57194556107

MD, PhD (Medicine), researcher at the Department of clinical biochemical and hormonal studies of therapeutic diseases, head of the Department of clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic research methods, Clinic of Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Elena V. Kashtanova

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elekastanova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2268-4186
SPIN-code: 3580-2051
Scopus Author ID: 8645249000

MD, Dr. Sci. (Biology), associate professor, head of the Department of clinical biochemical and hormonal studies of therapeutic diseases, Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Liliya V. Shcherbakova

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: 9584792@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9270-9188
SPIN-code: 5849-7040
Scopus Author ID: 15030341800

MD, senior researcher at the Department of clinical, population, and preventive researches of therapeutic and endocrine diseases, head of the extra-budgetary work department, Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Galina I. Simonova

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: g.simonova2019@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4030-6130

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, chief researcher at the Department of etiopathogenesis and clinic of internal diseases, Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Alena D. Afanasieva

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: alene.elene@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7875-1566
SPIN-code: 7446-4732
Scopus Author ID: 57221943610

MD, PhD (Medicine), head of the Department of genetic and environmental determinants of the human life cycle, Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Yulia I. Ragino

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ragino@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4936-8362
SPIN-code: 3163-4119
Scopus Author ID: 6602418274

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, corresponding member of RAS, chief researcher at the Department of clinical biochemical and hormonal studies of therapeutic diseases, Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

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