酒精和儿童：临床和法医研究

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研究现实性：根据临床指南，饮酒后不伴有意识丧失的状态被视为酒精中毒。

目的：研究酒精中毒（无意识）和酒精中毒（无意识）组临床模式的差为了确定血液中乙醇的浓度，在儿童和青少年中，由于摄入酒精，会出现意识丧失，这意味着发生乙醇中毒。在儿童酒精中毒的情况下为法医提供实用的建议。

材料与方法。累积数据集是两个研究人群的组合：人口1–从局档案中获得的数据，人口2–在N.F. 菲拉托娃第13号国家安全局收到的数据。该研究采用组合设计，包括一项基于人群的回顾性研究和一项前瞻性（观察性）横断面研究。数据分组： (1) - 饮酒不会导致严重健康障碍（酒精中毒）的人； (2) - 饮酒导致昏迷、呼吸停止或死亡（酒精中毒）的人。使用液相色谱-串联质谱法对精神活性物质和麻醉物质进行了尿液筛查。

结果。该数据集共包括 67名11至17岁的未成年人。在该组中，酒精中毒以男性为主。男性和女性中毒时血液和尿液中乙醇的浓度明显高于酒精中毒。除了意识障碍外，患者的客观状态没有显著差异。酒精的药代动力学阶段（吸收、消除）没有差异。仪器指标也没有显著差异。在我们的研究中，酒精中毒和酒精中毒没有伴随着收缩和舒张血压、心率和呼吸运动等指标的危险变化。平均而言，血液中乙醇浓度为 2.61 克/升，尿液中乙醇浓度为 3.01 克/升。而在血液中的平均浓度为 1.38克/升和尿液中的平均浓度为 1.96克/升时，没有观察到健康的显着偏差。

结论。除了光反应外，我们没有获得关于患者客观状态差异的令人信服的数据。仪器指标也没有显著差异。酒精中毒儿童组和酒精中毒儿童组血液和尿液中乙醇浓度有显著差异。

作者简介

Semyon S. Plis

Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute

Email: SSPlis.work@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0232-0425
SPIN 代码: 4347-1925
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Liliya A. Kovalenko

Filatov N.F. Children’s City Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: lyla72@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6704-1830
SPIN 代码: 7043-7743

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Olesya V. Veselkina

Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute; Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Expertise

Email: ves-olesya@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9486-5421
SPIN 代码: 9188-2988
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Dmitry M. Dolginov

Filatov N.F. Children’s City Hospital

Email: ddm2@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0274-7461

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Yury N. Ostapenko

Research and Applied Toxicology Centre

Email: rtiac@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7578-911X
SPIN 代码: 5446-6252

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Vasily V. Vlassov

Higher School of Economics

Email: vvlassov@hse.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5203-549X
SPIN 代码: 9178-2868

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Vladimir A. Klevno

Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: vladimir.klevno@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5693-4054
SPIN 代码: 2015-6548

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. Fig. Alcohol concentration in blood and urine in groups 1 and 2 (median, 5th and 95th percentiles).

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