Судебно-медицинская протеомика костей: новые биомаркёры и технологии оценки давности наступления смерти (обзор)
- Авторы: Мустафина Г.Р.1, Халиков А.А.1, Кузнецов К.О.2,3, Назарова Э.М.1
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Учреждения:
- Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
- Уфимский университет науки и технологий
- Бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы
- Выпуск: Том 11, № 3 (2025)
- Страницы: 266-275
- Раздел: Научные обзоры
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2411-8729/article/view/355561
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16284
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HEALQI
- ID: 355561
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Аннотация
Протеомика костной ткани — это быстро развивающееся направление судебной медицины, ориентированное на установление давности наступления смерти. В отличие от традиционных подходов, этот метод позволяет проводить количественный и молекулярный анализ изменений белкового состава костей. Высокоустойчивые к деградации белки рассматривают как надёжные биомаркёры давности наступления смерти, обеспечивающие более точные и объективные результаты. Масс-спектрометрические методы в сочетании с современными биоинформационными подходами и технологиями машинного обучения позволяют проводить детальный анализ процессов деградации белков и выявлять закономерности их изменений в зависимости от времени, прошедшего после смерти. Однако на сохранность белков костной ткани существенно влияют такие факторы окружающей среды, как влажность, температура, состав почвы и микробная активность, что обусловливает необходимость разработки стандартизированных протоколов анализа.
В обзоре рассмотрены ключевые методы протеомного анализа костей, перспективы его интеграции с метаболомикой и липидомикой, а также возможности применения машинного обучения для оценки давности наступления смерти. Дальнейшие исследования в этой области должны быть направлены на валидацию биомаркёров, стандартизацию методик и их внедрение в судебно-медицинскую практику.
Развитие судебной протеомики костей открывает новые возможности, позволяя получать более точные данные в сложных судебно-медицинских случаях.
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Гульгена Раисовна Мустафина
Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
Email: gulgenarm@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2534-6385
SPIN-код: 8904-2046
канд. мед. наук, доцент
Россия, УфаАйрат Анварович Халиков
Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
Email: airat.expert@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1045-5677
SPIN-код: 1895-7300
д-р мед. наук, профессор
Россия, УфаКирилл Олегович Кузнецов
Уфимский университет науки и технологий; Бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: kuznetsovarticles@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2405-1801
SPIN-код: 3053-3773
MD
Россия, Уфа; УфаЭльмира Муратовна Назарова
Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
Email: egevan@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1160-7241
SPIN-код: 6340-5202
канд. мед. наук, доцент
Россия, УфаСписок литературы
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