A radiomorphometric evaluation of age-related changes in mandibular morphology

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

AIMS: The main aim of this study was to determine, compare and differentiate the morphologically related changes of the mandible in dentate males and females among different age groups on digital panoramic images and to assess their authenticity in age estimations to provide evidence in forensics.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Digital panoramic images were made of 620 subjects, belonging to into four groups of ages ranging between 12–18 years, 19–40 years, 41–60 years, and older than 60 years. Measurements such as gonial angle, condylar length, ramus length, cortical bone thickness, and ramal notch width were measured and evaluated. The data obtained was then subjected to descriptive statistical analysis followed by a Paired t-test and a Two-way ANOVA test to arrive at the results.

RESULTS: On measuring an angular and four linear measurements a statistically significant differences were found among all the age groups with p <0.05 and also increased on aging except for the gonial angle. Among all the parameters, the gonial angle, ramus length, and ramal notch width depicted a statistically significant difference between the right and left sides and with p <0.05.

CONCLUSION: Age estimation with linear and angular measurements of the mandible was possible among the study population. It is found that all parameters except gonial angle are reliable for age determination. It was found that as age increased, the mean value of all the parameters increased and showed a significant difference between all age groups except the gonial angle. Hence, this study positively recommends the use of all parameters except gonial angle for the purpose of age estimation in the field of forensics.

About the authors

N. Harshitha

JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research

Email: harshi.bnk@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8795-5365

MD

India, Mysore 570015, Karnataka

Karthikeya Patil

JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research

Author for correspondence.
Email: dr.karthikeyapatil@jssuni.edu.in
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7941-2467

MD, Professor

India, Mysore 570015, Karnataka

C. J. Sanjay

JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research

Email: drsanjaycj_dch@jssuni.edu.in
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2830-1481

MD, Associate Professor

India, Mysore 570015, Karnataka

D. Nagabhushana

JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research

Email: dr.nagabhushand@jssuni.edu.in
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9035-0888

MD, Associate Professor

India, Mysore 570015, Karnataka

S. Viveka

JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research

Email: sviveka96@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2232-579X

MD

India, Mysore 570015, Karnataka

References

  1. Gluckman PD, Low FM, Buklijas T, et al. How evolutionary principles improve the understanding of human health and disease. Evol Appl. 2011;4(2):249–263. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00164
  2. Ngun TC, Ghahramani N, Sánchez FJ, et al. The genetics of sex differences in brain and behavior. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2011;32(2):227–246. doi: n10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.10.001
  3. Weisberg YJ, Deyoung CG, Hirsh JB. Gender differences in personality across the ten aspects of the big five. Front Psychol. 2011;(2):178. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00178
  4. Okşayan R, Asarkaya B, Palta N, et al. Effects of edentulism on mandibular morphology: evaluation of panoramic radiographs. Sci World J. 2014;2014:254932. doi: 10.1155/2014/254932
  5. Ghosh S, Vengal M, Pai KM, Abhishek K. Remodeling of the antegonial angle region in the human mandible: A panoramic radiographic cross-sectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010;15(5):e802–807. doi: 10.4317/medoral.15.e802
  6. Maat GJ, Maes A, Aarents MJ, Nagelkerke NJ. Histological age prediction from the femur in a contemporary Dutch sample. The decrease of nonremodeled bone in the anterior cortex. J Forensic Sci. 2006;51(2):230–237. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00062.x
  7. Konigsberg LW, Herrmann NP, Wescott DJ, Kimmerle EH. Estimation and evidence in forensic anthropology: Age-at-death. J Forensic Sci. 2008;53(3):541–557. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00710
  8. Mann RW, Ubelakar DH. The forensic anthropologist. F.B.I Law enforcement bulletin. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1990;81:17–25.
  9. Franklin D, Cardini A, Higgins PO, et al. Mandibular morphology as an indicator of human subadult age: Geometric morphometric approaches. J Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 20084(2):91–99. doi: 10.1007/s12024-007-9015-7
  10. Dudar JC, Pfeiffer S, Saunders SR. Evaluation of morphological and histological adult skeletal age-at-death estimation techniques using ribs. J Forensic Sci. 1993;38(3):677–685.
  11. Sairam V, Potturi GR, Praveen B, Vikas G. Assessment of effect of age, gender, and dentoalveolar changes on mandibular morphology: A digital panoramic study. Contemp Clin Dent. 2018;9(1):49–54. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_704_17
  12. Raustia AM, Salonen MA. Gonial angles and condylar and ramus height of the mandible in complete denture wearers--a panoramic radiograph study. J Oral Rehabil. 1997;24(7):512–516. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.1997.00532.x
  13. Xie QF, Ainamo A. Correlation of gonial angle size with cortical thickness, height of the mandibular residual body, and duration of edentulism. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;91(5):477–482. doi: 10.1016/S0022391304001118
  14. Ohm E, Silness J. Size of the mandibular jaw angle related to age, tooth retention and gender. J Oral Rehabilitat. 1999;26(11):883–891. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00464.x
  15. Chole R, Patil R, Chole BS, et al. Association of mandible anatomy with age, gender, and dental status: a radiographic study. ISRN Radiology. 2013;2013:453763. doi: 10.5402/2013/453763
  16. Larheim TA, Svanaes DB. Reproducibility of rotational panoramic radiography: Mandibular linear dimensions and angles. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90(1):45–51. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(86)90026-0
  17. Huumonen S, Sipilä K, Haikola B, et al. Influence of edentulousness on gonial angle, ramus and condylar height. J Oral Rehabil. 2010;37(1):34–38. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.02022.x
  18. Joo JK, Lim YJ, Kwon HB, Ahn SJ. Panoramic radiographic evaluation of the mandibular morphological changes in elderly dentate and edentulous subjects. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013;71(2):357–362. doi: 10.3109/00016357.2012.690446
  19. Merrot O, Vacher C, Merrot S, et al. Changes in the edentate mandible in the elderly. Surg Radiol Anat. 2005;27(4):265–270. doi: 10.1007/s00276-005-0323-x
  20. Schwartz-Dabney CL, Dechow PC. Edentulation alters material properties of cortical bone in the human mandible. J Dent Res. 2002;81(9):613–617. doi: 10.1177/154405910208100907

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. All linear and angular parameters on OPG using Planmeca Romexis Software

Download (118KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2022 Eco-Vector

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies