Representation of the concepts of "churn" and "hand mill" as objects of traditional household utensils in Ingushetia

The subject of the study is the history of the traditional churn and milling activity of the population of Ingushetia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The authors consider it in detail on the basis of data from ethnographic expeditions and archaeological excavations. It should be noted that the churn – the equipment with which butter is produced and the hand mill – occupied an important place in the industrial life of society. Information about them is available not only in archaeological materials, but also in written sources. This approach allows the author to determine the cause-and-effect relationships of events, facts and the state of the traditional butter and flour industry of the population of modern Ingushetia. The research is based on historical, cartographic, statistical, sociological methods; historical materials about the butter industry in Ingushetia are used. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis of ethnographic objects such as a churn and a hand mill; their properties and functions are determined; a holistic approach to the concepts of "churn" and "hand mill" as a multifunctional phenomenon is formed; A comprehensive historical and cultural analysis of traditional household items among the Ingush has been carried out. The main contribution of the authors is that for the first time in ethnographic science, an attempt was made to study objects intended for the production of food products of the Ingush population, both in general and ethnologically. The voluminous presentation is given on the basis of a new scientific approach to a well-known topic, i.e. Based on ethnographic, historical and folklore material, an attempt has been made to classify and analyze the factors of formation and development of the nutrition system in Ingushetia, a systematic presentation and scientific analysis of issues related to the functions of food preparation.

Ingushetia, ethnography, material culture, food, products, churn, hand mill, utensils, home production, tableware