The constitutional-monarchical tradition in political culture of Russian Empire

The article deals with the problem of historical byway attempts to convert the autocracy in Russia into a constitutional monarchy. Such attempts have been made in the Russian Empire during the XVIII and XIX centuries, beginning with the reign of Anna Ivanovna and constitutional projects developed with Catherine II. State reform was prepared at the beginning of the XIX century in the reign of Alexander I, then under the direction of M. Speranskii preparing a number of similar projects aimed at the creation in Russia of the constitutional order. Reasons for the failure of the proposed reforms are analyzed in detail in this article.

autocratic-monarchical form of rule, constitutional-monarchical system, immutable basic laws, constitutional draft, reform of the State, Nakaz of Catherine II