Публичные закупки в России: понятие и содержание
- Авторы: Кикавец В.В.1
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Учреждения:
- Российский государственный университет правосудия
- Выпуск: Том 27, № 2 (2023)
- Страницы: 397-420
- Раздел: АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОЕ И ФИНАНСОВОЕ ПРАВО
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2313-2337/article/view/327320
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2023-27-2-397-420
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/GFHEYF
- ID: 327320
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Аннотация
На основании анализа зарубежных и российских правовых актов, научных трудов и исследований широкого круга ученых обоснована значимость использования понятия «публичные закупки», раскрыто его содержание. По итогам рассмотрения публичных закупок как системы правоотношений предложено авторское определение публичных закупок, под которыми следует понимать систему правоотношений, в которых одной стороной выступает уполномоченный представитель публичной власти, осуществляющий приобретение товаров, работ, услуг за счет средств соответствующего бюджета в целях реализации публичного интереса. Выделены характерные признаки публичных закупок и обоснованы наиболее значимые функции публичных закупок, среди которых: социальная, регулятивная, воспроизводственная, инновационная, стимулирующая, оптимизации расходов. Представлена авторская классификация основных субъектов публичных закупок, предусматривающая уполномоченных представителей публичной власти (субъекты, уполномоченные на регулирование и контроль публичных закупок, на централизацию и проведение совместных торгов, а также все заказчики), хозяйствующих субъектов (поставщики, подрядчики, исполнители) и производных субъектов (банки и кредитные организации, электронные торговые площадки, специализированные организации). Акцентировано, что для повышения эффективности расходования бюджетных средств и оптимизации финансового обеспечения публичных закупок ряд производных субъектов может быть упразднен. Доказано, что правоотношения в публичных закупках подлежат регулированию нормами финансового, административного, гражданского права. Отмечено, что правоотношения в публичных закупках, регулируемые нормами гражданского права (контрактные правоотношения), возникают исключительно после отношений, урегулированных нормами публичного права. Дана правовая характеристика выявленным правоотношениям, обоснована необходимость учета приоритета норм публичного права.
Об авторах
Виталий Викторович Кикавец
Российский государственный университет правосудия
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: viking0071@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7931-8497
SPIN-код: 3665-6634
Scopus Author ID: 57210853509
ResearcherId: AAD-2180-2021
кандидат юридических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры финансового права
Российская Федерация, 117418, г. Москва, Новочеремушкинская ул., д. 69АСписок литературы
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