Remodeling of intima and tunica adventitia of abdominal aortic wall in chronic adrenergic and cholinergic experimental stress

Morphological study of the aortic wall of Wistar rats exposed to chronic adrenergic (two-week intraperitoneal administration of epinephrine) and cholinergic (two-week administration of neostigmine) stress was performed. Chronic stress with predominant adrenergic influences leads to more pronounced changes in the aortic intima than the stress with a predominance of cholinergic effects: almost 2 times more increased frequency of endothelial and lamina elastic interna ruptures, 1.6 times more endothelial cells and degenerative changes. There was a tendency to increase the number of red blood cells near luminal surface of the endothelium and the appearance of erythrocytes in the media under the seats gap the internal elastic membrane. Marked swellings, tearing of adventitia observed with the same frequency as in adrenergic and cholinergic chronic stress. The results obtained suggest that stress with a predominant sympathetic activation has a stronger effect on the endothelium of the aorta, resulting in endothelial alterations that may influence the mechanical properties of the aorta, blood rheology, development of atherosclerosis and fibrosis.

aorta, endothelium, adventitia, stress