Optimization of basic tillage techniques on the slope landscapes in the Chechen Republic
- Authors: Nakhaev M.R.1, Astarkhanova T.S.2
-
Affiliations:
- Kadyrov Chechen State University
- RUDN University
- Issue: Vol 18, No 2 (2023)
- Pages: 186-196
- Section: Agronomy and geoponics
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2312-797X/article/view/315759
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2023-18-2-186-196
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KYEURF
- ID: 315759
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Studies on the optimization of basic tillage techniques were carried out in the foothill part of the Chechen Republic. The purpose of the research was to determine the optimal reception of basic tillage on the slope landscapes of the Chechen Republic in the cultivation of grain and leguminous crops. The results of the optimization of basic tillage techniques on the sloping landscape of the Chechen Republic have shown that the smallest number of weeds on average in 2017-2021 was recorded on winter wheat crops after moldboard tillage (12.3 plants/m2), the largest number of weeds was registered on spring barley crops after minimum disc tillage (36.1 plants/m2). The smallest dry biomass (2.79 t/ha) was found in peas in the variant with minimum disc tillage. The maximum dry biomass (5.15 t/ha) was recorded for winter wheat in the variant with deep moldboard tillage. The lowest net photosynthetic productivity (1.82 g/m2 per day) was found in peas in the variant with minimum tillage. The highest net photosynthetic productivity (3.39 g/m2 per day) was noted for winter wheat in the variant with minimum disk tillage. On average for 2017-2021, the maximum economic yield of grain on the sloping landscape was formed in winter wheat after deep tillage and amounted to 4.25 t/ha. The minimum economic yield of grain was formed in peas after deep tillage and was 2.14 t/ha. Thus, optimal conditions for growth and development of grain and leguminous crops on the sloping landscapes of the Chechen Republic are formed after moldboard tillage to a depth of 0.20…0.22 m with a nonmoldboard deepening to 0.35…0.37 m.
About the authors
Magomed R. Nakhaev
Kadyrov Chechen State University
Email: mr-nakhaev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2589-6662
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Agrotechnological Institute
32 Sheripova st., Grozny, Chechen Republic, 364021, Russian FederationTamara S. Astarkhanova
RUDN University
Author for correspondence.
Email: astarkhanova_ts@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1431-9309
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Agrobiotechnological Department, Agrarian and Technological Institute
8/2 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198, Russian FederationReferences
- Abdullaev ZN, Magomedov NR, Hasanov GN, Adzhiev AM, Beksultanov AA. The effectiveness of tillage techniques for a crop pea–corn mixture. Development problems of regional agro-industrial complex. 2011;8(4):2–6. (In Russ.).
- Alemsetova GK. The effect of growth regulators on the photosynthetic activity of the Fokor pea cultivar under irrigation conditions in lowland Dagestan. Development problems of regional agro-industrial complex. 2021;(4):11–15. (In Russ.). doi: 10.52671/20790996_2021_4_11
- Akhmedova SO, Kurbanov SA, Magomedov NR, Magomedova DS. The role of basic tillage methods in cultivation of winter wheat varieties. Development problems of regional agro-industrial complex. 2020;(3):13–17. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15217/issn2079–0996.2020.3.13
- Batovskaya EK, Zvolinsky VP. Modern problems of ecological monitoring of arid landscapes of the Northern Caspian. In: Ecological and meliorative aspects of scientific and industrial support of the agro-industrial complex. Moscow; 2005. p.51–54. (In Russ.).
- Vlasova OI. Plodorodie chernozemnykh pochv i priemy ego vosproizvodstva v usloviyakh Tsentral’nogo Predkavkaz’ya [Fertility of chernozem soils and methods of its reproduction in the conditions of the Central Caucasus]. Stavropol: AGRUS publ.; 2014. (In Russ.).
- Kuzychenko YA, Kvasov NA, Khripunov AI. Introduction of minimal soil treatment system in Stavropol region. Zemledelie. 2010;(1):21–23. (In Russ.).
- Kuzychenko YA, Fedotov AA. Vybor sposobov osnovnoi obrabotki dlya razlichnykh tipov pochv s tsel’yu povysheniya rentabel’nosti proizvodstva rastenievodcheskoi produktsii [The choice of methods of basic processing for various types of soils to increase profitability of crop production]. Stavropol: AGRUS publ.; 2010. (In Russ.).
- Kurbanov SA. Zemledelie [Agriculture]. Moscow: Yurait publ.; 2020. (In Russ.).
- Magaramov BG. The influence of various methods of tillage on soil treatment on qualitative indicators of oat grain. Development problems of regional agro-industrial complex. 2020;(1):93–96. (In Russ.). doi: 10.15217/ issn2079–0996.2020.1.93
- Borisenko IB, Ivantsova EA, Pleskachev YN, Sidorov AN. New technologies of tillage. Proceedings of lower Volga agro-university complex: science and higher education. 2012;(1):14–16. (In Russ.).
- Naidenov AS. Energy-saving tillage. Rossiiskaya agrarnaya gazeta. 2011;(16):12–13. (In Russ.)
- Perederieva VM, Tkachenko DA. Influence of forecrops and methods of tillage on biological indicators of fertility. Agrochemical herald. 2005;(4):14–15. (In Russ.).
Supplementary files
