CONCEPTUAL SILVICULTURAL ISSUES IN CONSERVATION OF PROTECTIVE FORESTS

Article deals with topical issues of preserving protective forests, maintaining them in a state of constant effective fulfillment of their target functions taking into account regional specifics of natural, ecological and socio-economic conditions are considered. The aim of the work is to identify, taking into account the changing priorities of the attitude to forests in society, periodically aggravating for more than a century the problem of conservation of protective forests at the global, regional and local levels, the general principles of effective silvicultural maintenance of these forests in the country and the directions of their implementation by forest areas. To achieve this goal, on the basis of using historically developed system and priority method of silviculture, the reasons for the emergence and periodic aggravation of the problem of conservation of protective forests are considered. As well as applied variants of its solution, their validity and effectiveness, the existing silvicultural system for protective forests, its application in normative legal documents and in practice is assessed. The paper identifies the main principles of improving the systemic silvicultural support of maintenance, conservation of protective forests in the optimization of balanced ecological-resource forest management, determines the directions of implementation of common priority target silvicultural systems of maintenance, conservation of protective forests at the regional level, depending on the diversity of natural properties of forests, their division by intended purpose, accessibility for the implementation of silvicultural measures, as well as ecological and socio-economic conditions. As a result, a fundamental system of solving federal and regional issues of maintenance, conservation of protective forests and multi-purpose ecological-resource method of their use by silvicultural areas within the boundaries of certain territorial formations has been formed. The developed methodological provisions can be used in the development and implementation of research to create a scientifically based regulatory framework for the regulation and differentiated application of forestry measures in protective forests of the territories, allocated according to the taxons of their silvicultural zoning: silvicultural regions, districts and districts within the European-Ural part of the country, Siberia and the Far East, as well as the subjects of the Russian Federation.