SILVICULTURAL ASSESSMENT OF WOOD HARVESTING TECHNOLOGIES IN CONIFEROUS-BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS OF THE FAR EAST

In accordance with regulatory documents, the organization and conduct of logging operations should be carried out by methods and techniques that ensure maximum conservation of forest environment, contribute to the reproduction of valuable forests in the shortest possible time, and strentength their protective and protective functions. This is especially true for the coniferous-broad-leaved forests of the Far East, which are a unique formation that includes cedar and black-fir-broad-leaved, spruce-broad-leaved, hard and soft-leaved subformations. These forests are characterized by a very complex canopy structure. The composition includes, as a rule, 10-20 tree species, differing in their biology and growth, which creates a clearly expressed vertical density of the forest stand. The presence in plantations of endemic and forbidden species, as well as lianas and shrubs listed in the Red Book (2008) require a special approach to the methods and technologies of wood harvesting. Studies have shown that in the formation of coniferous-broad-leaved forests, selective felling methods and logging technologies should be predominantly used, allowing not only to preserve undergrowth and fine-grained valuable species, but also to ensure the formation of a post-cutting stands close to the original forest type. This leads to very important conclusions on the organization of wood harvesting only by certain types of machines and mechanisms using narrow stripe technology, which is confirmed by our research.